1. POLITICS IN MEXICO LUIS ESTRADA lmestrad@weber.ucsd.edu Spring quarter 2005

2. Political Parties: PAN National Action Party (1939) National Action Party (1939) Founders: Manuel Gómez-Morín, Efraín Gonzalez-Luna Founders: Manuel Gómez-Morín, Efraín Gonzalez-Luna Origin: Response to leftist economic policies of Lázaro Cárdenas Origin: Response to leftist economic policies of Lázaro Cárdenas Doctrine: Political Humanism (conservative) Doctrine: Political Humanism (conservative) Strategy: “Centripetal” (Municipality- Governorship-Presidency) Strategy: “Centripetal” (Municipality- Governorship-Presidency)

3. Political Parties: PAN 1946: First Representative elected to the Chamber of Deputies (Tacámbaro, Michoacán) 1946: First Representative elected to the Chamber of Deputies (Tacámbaro, Michoacán) 1947: First Municipal President elected (Quiroga, Michoacán) 1947: First Municipal President elected (Quiroga, Michoacán) 1952: First Presidential candidate: Efraín González- Luna 1952: First Presidential candidate: Efraín González- Luna 1989: First Governor elected (Baja California) 1989: First Governor elected (Baja California) 1991: First Senator elected (Baja California) 1991: First Senator elected (Baja California) 2000: First Non-PRI President elect: Vicente Fox 2000: First Non-PRI President elect: Vicente Fox

4. Political Parties: PRI Institutional Revolutionary Party (1929 PNR; 1934 PRM; 1946 PRI) Institutional Revolutionary Party (1929 PNR; 1934 PRM; 1946 PRI) Founders: Plutarco Elías-Calles, Revolutionary Family: L. Cárdenas, M. Alemán Founders: Plutarco Elías-Calles, Revolutionary Family: L. Cárdenas, M. Alemán Origin: Consummation of the Mexican Revolution Origin: Consummation of the Mexican Revolution Doctrine: ? Doctrine: ? Strategy: Experience Strategy: Experience

5. Political Parties: PRI 1929: Elías-Calles creates the PNR 1929: Elías-Calles creates the PNR 1934: Lázaro Cárdenas changes the name to PRM 1934: Lázaro Cárdenas changes the name to PRM 1946: Miguel Alemán changes the name to PRI 1946: Miguel Alemán changes the name to PRI 1988: Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas exits the PRI 1988: Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas exits the PRI 1994: Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated in Lomas Taurinas, BC 1994: Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated in Lomas Taurinas, BC 2000: The PRI ends its seven-decade tenure 2000: The PRI ends its seven-decade tenure

6. Political Parties: PRD Democratic Revolution Party (1989) Democratic Revolution Party (1989) Founders: Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, Porfirio Muñoz-Ledo and leaders of leftist parties and currents (Heberto Castillo) Founders: Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, Porfirio Muñoz-Ledo and leaders of leftist parties and currents (Heberto Castillo) Origin: Discrepancy with the PRI leaders, democracy as alternation Origin: Discrepancy with the PRI leaders, democracy as alternation Doctrine: Equality, justice, democracy (progressive) Doctrine: Equality, justice, democracy (progressive) Strategy: “Centrifugal” (Presidencyeverything else) Strategy: “Centrifugal” (Presidencyeverything else)

7. Political Parties: PRD 1988: Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas exits the PRI and is nominated by the PARM and other small leftist parties (FDN) 1988: Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas exits the PRI and is nominated by the PARM and other small leftist parties (FDN) 1997: First Governorship (Mexico City) and second strongest party in the Chamber of Deputies 1997: First Governorship (Mexico City) and second strongest party in the Chamber of Deputies 2006: AMLO? 2006: AMLO?

8. Other Parties: PT, PVEM, Convergencia PT (Labor Party) 1991 PT (Labor Party) 1991 No specific ideology No specific ideology Coalitions with the PRD at the state and municipal level Coalitions with the PRD at the state and municipal level PVEM (Green Party) 1991 PVEM (Green Party) 1991 Not really ‘ecology-oriented’ Not really ‘ecology-oriented’ Coalitions with the PAN (2000) and since then with the PRI at the state and municipal level Coalitions with the PAN (2000) and since then with the PRI at the state and municipal level Convergencia (Convergence for Democracy) 1997 Convergencia (Convergence for Democracy) 1997 Support for independent candidates Support for independent candidates Coalitions with any party (with PAN in the State of Mexico) Coalitions with any party (with PAN in the State of Mexico)

10. Governorships (May 2005)