1. About Freud. Lucie Johnson 11-25-06

2. How to access the unconscious? FFrom hypnosis FTo free association FTo the study of dreams FTo the observation of everyday life FTo play therapy FFrom hypnosis FTo free association FTo the study of dreams FTo the observation of everyday life FTo play therapy

3. Studies in Hysteria: the Emergence of Method FWith Breuer(1842-1925), studied Anna O., aka Bertha PappenheimBertha Pappenheim F Phenomena observed: spontaneous trances, pathogenic ideas, catharsis, transference, hysterical pregnancy, the importance of repressed traumatic events FWith Breuer(1842-1925), studied Anna O., aka Bertha PappenheimBertha Pappenheim F Phenomena observed: spontaneous trances, pathogenic ideas, catharsis, transference, hysterical pregnancy, the importance of repressed traumatic events

4. Who is Anna O.? FDid Breuer cure Anna? (Bertha Pappenheim) FWhat is your theory as to why Anna O. became sick in the first place? FHow do you think she got well? (given that Breuer ran away from her pseudo-pregnancy) FDid Breuer cure Anna? (Bertha Pappenheim) FWhat is your theory as to why Anna O. became sick in the first place? FHow do you think she got well? (given that Breuer ran away from her pseudo-pregnancy)

5. From hypnosis to free association FFreud was not a good hypnotist, hence got patients to relax instead. FInduced free association by putting his hand on the patient’s forehead. FTheorized that, since the patient would remember what happened, the cure would be more stable than a hypnotic cure. FFreud was not a good hypnotist, hence got patients to relax instead. FInduced free association by putting his hand on the patient’s forehead. FTheorized that, since the patient would remember what happened, the cure would be more stable than a hypnotic cure.

6. The Interpretation of Dreams (1900). FDreams are universal - hence the unconscious is universal. FDreams, in their LATENT CONTENT (as opposed to manifest content) reflect the workings of unconscious motivation. FDreams are universal - hence the unconscious is universal. FDreams, in their LATENT CONTENT (as opposed to manifest content) reflect the workings of unconscious motivation.

7. Organization of the Personality FIn everyone then, there exists a primitive, instinctual layer of thought: the ID, which seeks to satisfy itself (pleasure principle). FThe ID then encounters a limiting REALITY, and the EGO develops. FThe EGO encounters a limiting SOCIAL REALITY, and the SUPEREGO develops. FIn everyone then, there exists a primitive, instinctual layer of thought: the ID, which seeks to satisfy itself (pleasure principle). FThe ID then encounters a limiting REALITY, and the EGO develops. FThe EGO encounters a limiting SOCIAL REALITY, and the SUPEREGO develops.

8. There is always conflict FHealth is a balance between the ID and the SUPEREGO. FThe superego can be too weak or too stringent. FHealth is a balance between the ID and the SUPEREGO. FThe superego can be too weak or too stringent.

9. Freud and the theory of recapitulation FThe id, for Freud, reflected a more primitive way of thinking. Primitive societies function more according to the id. FThe superego builds civilization. FThe child reflects this species development in his/her own development. FThe id, for Freud, reflected a more primitive way of thinking. Primitive societies function more according to the id. FThe superego builds civilization. FThe child reflects this species development in his/her own development.

10. Stages of Development FOral FAnal FPhallic (Oedipus and Electra conflicts) FLatency FGenital FOral FAnal FPhallic (Oedipus and Electra conflicts) FLatency FGenital

11. Childhood Seduction FWere Freud’s patients in fact abused? Were their memories real? FCurrent controversy: FAbout Jeffrey Masson’s workAbout Jeffrey Masson’s work FJeffrey Masson himselfJeffrey Masson FWere Freud’s patients in fact abused? Were their memories real? FCurrent controversy: FAbout Jeffrey Masson’s workAbout Jeffrey Masson’s work FJeffrey Masson himselfJeffrey Masson

12. What do you think? FIs Jeffrey Masson right? Did Freud cave in to pressures when letting go of the seduction theory?

13. Death and life FIn the later part of his career, Freud also emphasized the notion of LIFE instinct or EROS (in which he subsumed the LIBIDO -lit: I want- issuing from the ID) FHe also developed the concept of DEATH instinct or THANATOS, a deep destructive tendency. In final analysis, he said, life is a detour toward death. FIn the later part of his career, Freud also emphasized the notion of LIFE instinct or EROS (in which he subsumed the LIBIDO -lit: I want- issuing from the ID) FHe also developed the concept of DEATH instinct or THANATOS, a deep destructive tendency. In final analysis, he said, life is a detour toward death.

14. The End