1. Evolving to Ubiquitous Elearning Environments: a Collaborative Writing Scenario Pedro Pablo Sánchez Villalón Manuel Ortega Asunción Sánchez Villalón Grupo CHICO UCLM Ciudad Real (Spain) CLIP 2003, Firenze, Italy. 4-5 December, 2003

2. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 2/18 Contents Introduction EC Directives Conventional Learning CALL Objectives & Proposal (TELL) Evolution to the AULA System Methodology: Collaborative Writing User Interface: AULA eLearning Scenarios Contribution

3. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 3/18 EC Directives about Language Learning & ICT : Language Learning as preparation for the active use of the language for communication e-Learning Program: ‘developing skills such as the ability to communicate, to work in group, and to make use of the new technologies for all this’. Introduction (I) European Community Directives  “Ability to Communicate”  Skill-based Information Exchange  “Work in group”  Communication through Collaboration  “Use of ICT”  Technology-Enhanced Language Learning

4. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 4/18 Introduction (II) Conventional Learning Environments Active Skills in Conventional Language Learning Speaking: Face-to-face Communication (Pair work, conversations) Writing: Writing exams, exercises, letters (rarely) no interactive activities Conventional Learning Environment Inside the Classroom, Books (textbooks, workbooks, notebooks) Blackboard Pen & paper

5. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 5/18 CALL Environment: Physical environment: Hardware ComputerLabs full of DesktopPC, Software in CD-ROMs: Grammar exercises & Practice of Phonetics  Interaction only with the computer  Improvement: Access to Information Introduction (III) Adaptation to CALL Use of Computer-based Tools Printed material Digitized Activities Drill and practice tutorials Repetition & simulation Delivery of contents  Not very active use for communication in Writing & Speaking  Improvement: Self-assessment Computers = an optional tool to assist the language learning process Result: No real communication, students work in isolation

6. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 6/18 Objectives & Proposal Technology-Enhanced Language eLearning TELL eLearning Interaction A System which provides: Active Use of Language for Communication Real skill-based Collaboration Real Web-based tools to access information (e-Accessibility) and to communicate (ICT & Language Integration) TELL eLearning environment enabling : communication anywhere (Mobility or M-Learning). communication both in real time & at any time (Life-long Learning) pervasive access to the system, to information & to ICT tools (Ubiquity) electronic Whiteboard, e-notebooks, the Web Objective: evolution to meet the new needs and possibilities of the Information Society, from school to university to life-long learning Learning by communicating easily & actively anywhere anytime.

7. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 7/18 Conventional Classroom Blackboard Books Pen & paper Ubiquitous Classroom (TELL) Whiteboards: Mimio™ WhiteBoard. Connections: Wireless Connection between the computing devices and to the Internet: RF IR (IrDA standard) A Web-based Server. Computing devices : Laptop, PDA o Tablet PC. Classroom Evolution Computers Language Lab (CALL) Whiteboard: Whiteboard or Screen with Projector. Connections: LANs with an Internet connection A Intranet Server. Computing devices : Desktop PC

8. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 8/18 AULA Foundations Web-based learning by communicating by collaboratively writing in a ubiquitous environment. AULA (A Ubiquitous Language Appliance) Infrastructure. TELL e-Learning Environment Active Skill: Collaborative Writing Technique: Writing texts in group Sample Scenario: The AULA Newspaper Activity: Writing news items for an online newspaper. Pedagogical innovation: Writing evolves from a evaluation technique to a learning technique based on a social activity.

9. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 9/18 Methodology (I) Collaborative writing process Planning: (1st stage) The teacher establishes a Scenario (e.g., an online newspaper, a travel brochure, films reviews, etc.) The participants propose titles for the documents. The participants generate ideas by brainstorming in the documents. outlining freewriting

10. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 10/18 Methodology (II) Collaborative writing process. Development (2nd stage) Discussion session on the ideas proposed. with the communication tool The Chat facility Writing the notes into sentences & organizing them into paragraphs with language tools: Lexical tools (Dictionaries and Lexicon). A grammar analyser. Access to information online

11. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 11/18 Methodology (III) Collaborative writing process. Edition (3rd stage): Revision and final edition. Collaborative correction. Using both the chat & the language tools Teacher’s assessment: Analysis of students’ trace file Analysis of the chat file of every document.

12. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 12/18 User Interface Scenario: Online Newspaper Figure 3 List of Scenario Items

13. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 13/18 User Interface The Reading Area. The Reading Workspace

14. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 14/18 User Interface The Writing Area The Writing Workspace

15. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 15/18 User Interface WhiteBoard Screen

16. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 16/18 User Interface The Tools & Help Area Language Tool (Lexicon) Communication Tool (Chat)Help Adaptable to other languages Adaptable to other dictionaries local,internal/external Web-based Synchronous Asynchronous HTML file

17. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 17/18 Implementation CGI Perl y Dynamic HTML on the Web for Laptop PC and TabletPC. Java y Visual C++ for PDA. (Microsoft Embedded Tools)

18. Firenze Pedro P Sánchez Villalón, Manuel Ortega, Asuncion Sánchez Villalón 18/18 Contributions to eLearning Applied to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Easily applicable to any language (Flexible) In an apparently conventional classroom Taking notes and writing in their electronic notebooks Paying attention to the WhiteBoard and to the teacher Evolving to a collaborative ubiquitous classroom Development of the Collaborative Writing Process Scenario-based eLearning : The AULA NewspaperThe AULA Newspaper

19. Evolving to Ubiquitous Elearning Environments: a Collaborative Writing Scenario Pedro P. Sánchez Villalón ppsanch@fimo-cr.uclm.es Manuel Ortega Manuel.Ortega@uclm.es Asuncion Sánchez Villalón http://chico.inf-cr.uclm.es/ppsv/aula.html Grupo CHICO Computer-Human Interaction & Collaboration UCLM - Ciudad Real (Spain)