1. From the Inside Out The zones of the Earth

2. The Earth as we see it But there is more than what meets the eye… www.3dnworld.com

3. The Earth’s Layers Inside  Core  Mantle  Crust Outside  Troposphere  Stratosphere  Mesosphere  Thermosphere

4. The Core The Inner Core  Solid metal made of iron and some nickel  3,200-3,960 miles below the Earth’s surface  780 miles thick  9,032-10,832˙ F The Outer Core  Molten liquid of iron, nickel, & ≈ 10% of sulpher and oxygen  1,800-3,200 miles below the Earth’s surface  1,370 miles thick  7,200 -9,032˙ F http://dinosaurtheory.com/earth_core3.jpg

5. Why It’s Important  Creates the Earth’s magnetism  Creates “convection currents” from radiating heat wps.prenhall.com http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/CURR/Science/sciber00/7th/ earth/sciber/erlayers.htm

6. The Mantle Lower/Inner  Solid rock made from sulphides & oxides of silicon & magnesium  Plastic like  190-1,800 miles below the Earth’s surface  Approx. 1,610 miles thick  Average temp. 5400˙ F Upper/Outer  Tough liquid rock of silicates of iron & magnesium  More brittle and thin then the lower mantle  7- 190 miles below the surface  Top temp. ≈ 2520˚ F Bottom temp. ≈ 5400˚ F http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/inside.html http://mediatheek.thinkquest.nl/~ll125/en/man tle.htm

7. The Crust Oceanic Crust  Found below the ocean  4-7 miles thick  Made mainly out of basalt (formed out of lava that cools quickly)  Rocks are very young, about 200 million years old Continental Crust  Found underneath the continents  Average 20-25 miles thick, with the deepest being 45 miles  Consist mainly of igneous rocks  Rocks here are about 3.8 billion years old http://www.gsi.ie/NR/rdonlyres/A3B07F5E-D9BB-4026- 908D-DEB9B0217EA6/0/earth_cut.jpg

8. Troposphere  Begins at the Earth and is 4-12 miles high. (11-12 miles at the equator, 4 miles at the poles)  Made up of the perfect mixture of oxygen and nitrogen which is able to support life.  90% of the atmosphere is found here  This is where our weather is created as well as where planes fly  Latin for turning or change http://www.kidsgeo.com/geography-for-kids/0040-introduction-to- our-atmosphere.php

9. Stratosphere  11-31 miles above the earth’s surface  Where the ozone layer is found –Absorbs 97-99% of the sun’s ultraviolet light –Colorless gas that smells like burning electrical wire http://www.aero.org/publications/crosslink/summer2000/01.h tml

10. Mesosphere  Found 53 miles above the Earth’s surface  Atmosphere is thin which doesn’t allow for much ultraviolet absorption which in turns causes the temp. to drop from 5˚F to -184˚F  Gases thick enough to slow down & burn up meteorites http://www.t-utorials.com/data/Image/tutorials/Falling_Star/star14.jpg

11. Thermosphere  From the mesosphere up to 430 miles above the earth surface  Gases are increasingly thin that only high energy ultraviolet & x-ray radiation is absorbed which, causes the temp. to increase with height  Can reach 3,600˚ F  Due to lack of atmosphere to our skin the temp. would feel very cold http://www.britannica.com/eb/art-99826/The-layers-of- Earths-atmosphere

12. Exosphere  310-621 miles above Earth’s atmosphere  Last layer before space  Atmospheric gases, atoms, molecules escape into space  Where satellites are found  where is the atmosphere where is the atmosphere http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/images/at mosphere_mural_jpg_image.html