1. Wireless Video Sensor Networks Vijaya S Malla Harish Reddy Kottam Kirankumar Srilanka

2.  Introduction  Implementation  Issues  Architecture  Applications  Conclusion Topics:

3. Introduction:  The importance of the network is growing day by day and the way how the computers or the devices are connected is changing from wires to wireless.  Wired  Wireless

4. Pros and Cons of Wireless Sensor Networks -Advantages of WSN’s System setup and maintenance cost is remarkably reduced. No cables are required for data transfer because the communication is wireless. Data processing and interpretation can be distributed across the network nodes. System becomes more fault-tolerant. In case of a partial system failure the rest of the system is capable of performing its task independently. Overall system response time increases due to anomaly detection through data processing on nodes instead of central base station

5. Pros and Cons Contd.. - Disadvantages of WSN’s Processing power and communication bandwidth available on the nodes are very limited. Each node has restricted battery life that has to be preserved by efficient consumption. A multi-hop protocol is to be established for communicating with the central base station.

6. Why do we need wireless video sensor networks?  Current wireless sensor measures scalar data like Temperature and Pressure  Developing larger scale, video enabled wireless surveillance networks that can be deployed quickly and provide accurate, real time visual data must be envisioned  Hence the need for real time wireless video

7. Implementation:  Every node in the network will have a sensor which can work independently and at the same time they send information to the base station.  The camera should be capable of reading, sending and getting data from the base station  The network should be designed in such a way to handle all the traffic

8.  How can we design the network so that it can grow as needed and not be limited in size?  How do we manage the very heavy video traffic so that all the information gets where it needs to at the right time?  How do we maximize the lifetime of such network based on components with limited battery power?” Issues:

9. Architecture:  The Network is Homogenous  The Network components are feasible and should be reliable  Uses a 2-Tier Architecture  VSN (Video Sensing Nodes)  GCN (Group Control Nodes)

10. Architectutre Contd….  The lower tier of this homogenous Two-Tier Network Architecture have VSN’s (Video Sensing Nodes)  These are capable of sending/receiving information to/from the upper tier. And also should be capable of capturing the Video.  All the Captured data is sent to the higher layers (GCN’s) which encapsulates the whole data from a particular group and sends to the main server.

11. Architecture Contd… Wireless Video Sensor Network

12. Implementation Issues… Increase in Volume:  This deserves a better Architecture and Faster Performance.  Delay in encapsulating and sending of Data is occurred.  Can be a security Issue  Quality of Service (QoS)  Two-Tier Architecture, Increases the complexity Battery Power for the first tier nodes:  Increase in the Power for the nodes --- Life time for the nodes

13. Solutions… Architecture  We used a Multi-hop wireless mesh network as the interconnection backbone of the wireless video sensor network. Scalability  The two tier architecture wont solve all the issues, there will be still some issues that need to be processed in the upper level. So we use a technique called Virtual Time Packet Scheduling. Decrease the traffic, which in turn increases the Scalability. Routing Protocols and Bandwidth  The protocols should be Robust and Fault-Tolerant.  Should provide Multi-path Routing  Multi-paths are used simultaneously to route data, thereby aggregating the bandwidth of the paths and thus satisfies the network bandwidth.  The protocol here used is : Maximum Life Time Sensor Clustering Protocol (MLSC)

14. Real Time Applications:  US-Navy uses wireless video networks for on-site and on-sea video surveillance, ship management, navy people training and for video assisted navigation.  Monitoring Wild Life  Detecting Natural Disasters  Public safety

15. Research's…  IBM: The speed and the security of video in the network is done by increasing the speed of the video over the network.  The “mmWave radio signals” is used which are at the highest frequency waves. These waves could transmit a gigabyte of information in 5 seconds.  Prof: Dr. Thomas Hou, Virginia Tech University,  Wireless Sensor Networks.  Research on Different Routing Protocols of the Information over the network.  Research on Tiered Network Technology.  Wireless Video Ad-hoc networks.

16. Conclusion:  In this report, we first tried to introduce wireless sensor networks and extended the idea to wireless video sensor networks.  Many aspects like architecture, Scalability, Network life time issues, Protocols Supported are considered to improve the overall performance of the network

17. Questions ?  1) What are the issues or factors that affect the lifetime of Wireless Video Sensor Networks?  2) Will the need for scalability impose any constraints on the Wireless SN?  3) What are the protocol and bandwidth requirements for wireless video sensor networks? 4) How is security and privacy handled in WSN?  5) What are the means to maximize the network lifetime? 6) Does WSN guarantee quality when the network size increases in terms of number of nodes or the amount of data transmitted? How?

18. Answers…  What are the issues or factors that affect the lifetime of Wireless Video Sensor Networks? Video Data Quality Data Transmission Number of Frames per Second (fps) Size of the network Protocols - should be robust and fault-tolerance

19. Answers…  Will the need for scalability impose any constraints on the Wireless Sensor Networks? Bandwidth Latency Processing Data storage Fault-Tolerance Overhead in maintenance Time

20. Answers…  What are the means to maximize the network lifetime? The lower Tier Nodes are Video cameras, to increase the life time of those nodes we need to increase the battery power of the nodes or to have a rechargeable system installed in them Ex: Solar A sensor technology can be implemented, so that the cameras work only when the sensor asks to record. So that the recording time is reduced by keeping the video camera nodes into sleep state.

21. Answers..  What are the protocol and bandwidth requirements for wireless video sensor networks? o For a large-scale WVSN’s, we require a larger bandwidth, hence we use multipath routing algorithms to subside this. o We use Maximum Life Time Sensor Clustering Protocol (MLSC), for to increase the network life time.

22. Any More…?

23. Thank You !