1. Sparta - Lacedaimonia Set of Doric villages Spartiates - perioikoi Lykourgos - great rhetra Eunomia Agricultural - military aristocracy Messene from 735 BC

2. Mixed constitution Two kings 5 ephors 28 executive council - gerousia Assembly Xenelasia helots

3. Spartan education Exposure of infants Harsh training from seven years Krypteia: war on helots Eating clubs: syssitia By 540 B.C. Sparta dominated Peloponnesus

4. Herodotus Cyrus, Darius, Xerxes Medes and Persians Demaratus (exiled king of Sparta)

7. Thermopylae