1. Quality of Life in Oporto and South of Douro Region – Comparison of EQ-5D and SF-36 Introdução à Medicina Turma 6 – 2006/2007

2. Difficult to define Multidimensional:  Subjective  Objective Not a static definition – varies with time and from person to person. Quantifying QoL – important to improve populations’ well being. What is Quality of Life (QoL)? Jenney M, Campbell S. Measuring quality of life. Arch. Dis. Child. 1997; 77:347-350 Clinical Rehabilitation, 2003; 17: 865-870 Research in Developmental Disabilities. 1995, 16 (1); 51-74.

3. EQ-5D

4. SF-36

5. Objectives Primary objective –Quantify the Health Related-Quality of Life (HR-QoL) of the adult population in Oporto and South of Douro region. –Compare measurement scales and subscales and analyse the agreement between two broadly used HR-QoL generic instruments – EQ-5D and SF-36. Secondary objectives –Compare results between groups: Age Sex

6. Methods Random choice of 478 residences from the “Oporto and South of Douro” phonebook

7. Methods – Pilot Study Test the adopted method and improve it Questionnaires + 4 additional questions about the viability of the study sent to 30 residences No difficulties filling the questionnaires

8. Methods – Final Study Different techniques were adopted to maximize the response rates in the final study: → Make the questionnaire more personal and attractive Pilot StudyFinal Study

9. → A bookmark was sent inside the letters to act as an incentive → A reminder note was sent with the second letters Methods – Final Study BookmarkReminder Note

10. Response rate

11. Time of answer

12. Sociodemographic data

13. Age

14. Questionnaire order: Chi-square test

15. EQ-5D: Response by items

16. SF-36: Response by items PF RP RE PF – physical functioning RP – role limitations due to physical health RE – role limitations due to emotional problems

17. EQ-5D index and VAS

18. EQ-5D: 5 Dimensions

19. EQ-5D results

20. SF-36 domains PF – physical functioning RP – role limitations due to physical health RE – role limitations due to emotional problems EF – energy/fatigue EW – emotional well-being SF – social functioning P – pain GH – general health

21. Female Male Gender Mean EQ-5D: independent samples T-test

22. PF – physical functioning RP – role limitations due to physical health RE – role limitations due to emotional problems EF – energy/fatigue EW – emotional well-being SF – social functioning P – pain GH – general health Female Male Gender * * by Independent samples t test: p<0.05 Mean * SF-36: independent samples T-test

23. * * by OneWay ANOVA: p<0.05 18-39 40-64 ≥ 65 Mean * Age Categories EQ-5D: OneWay ANOVA

24. PF – physical functioning RP – role limitations due to physical health RE – role limitations due to emotional problems EF – energy/fatigue EW – emotional well-being SF – social functioning P – pain GH – general health 18-39 40-64 ≥ 65 Age Categories * * by OneWay ANOVA: p<0.05 Mean * SF-36: OneWay ANOVA

25. * * by Independent samples t test: p<0.05 No Yes Have/had a serious disease? Mean * EQ-5D: independent samples T-test

26. PF – physical functioning RP – role limitations due to physical health RE – role limitations due to emotional problems EF – energy/fatigue EW – emotional well-being SF – social functioning P – pain GH – general health No Yes Have/had a serious disease? * * by Independent samples t test: p<0.05 Mean * SF-36: independent samples T-test

27. Correlations

28. Scatters

29. Discussion – Method’s limitations Mail surveys: –Often low response rates –People might be unable to answer some questions Sample selection: –Inhabitants without telephone, or whose phone number is not listed will not be contemplated –The phonebook may be outdated or even lack address information

30. Discussion – Other limitations Quality of Life: –Vast definition –Not objective –Difficult to measure –Varies with: Time Place Personal expectations

31. Discussion a: Quality of Life Research, 1998; 7: 155-166 b: Quality of Life Research, 2005; 14: 1099-1109 c: Quality of Life Research, 2005; 14: 1099-1109 d: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2006; 4: 47 e: Quality of Life Research, 1998; 7: 311-322

32. Discussion

34. Conclusions It was possible to quantify HR-QoL in the Oporto and South of Douro region using EQ-5D and SF-36. The scales and subscales of both instruments are strongly correlated. HR-QoL has little statistically significant differences between genders. Statistically significant differences were found between age categories and health conditions.

35. THE END