1. Chapter 7: New & Old World Primates

2. Prosimians (before apes) More primitive features as compared to monkeys –Many are nocturnal –Some have claws –Locomotion is vertical clinging and leaping (VCL)

3. Two types Tarisiers, Lorises,Galagos, Aye-Aye, Pato, etc. Found in Asia and Africa Most primitive of the primates Nocturnal

4. Lemurs Madagascar About 50 species Only diurnal prosimians (isolated from mainland and competition from monkeys

5. Monkeys Hominoids Two kinds –New World (the Americas) –Old World (Africa, Europe & Asia) New World –Diverse (evolved without competition with prosimians or apes: more niches to move into) –Lack a TRUE opposable thumb –Have a prehensile tail (Figure 7-10)

6. New World: Marmosets and Tamarins Polyandry Families with allomothering Small Many eat gum (tree sap)

7. New World Monkeys Owl/Night Monkey only nocturnal monkey Eat leaves, fruits, & insects Capuchins are tool users

8. Old World Monkeys Langur (Asia), Colobus, Vervit, Baboons (Mandrils) Quadrupeds True Opposable Thumbs Tails are not Prehensile

9. Apes Ape radiation in Africa and Asia about 15 million years ago during the Miocene About 10 – 14 mya most had become extinct –Monkey species expand at this time Monkey ape niche competition? Some monkeys move into non-rainforest habitats, Apes didn’t Apes are larger bodied than other primates Two kinds –Lesser Apes (Siamangs and Gibbons in Asia) –Great Apes (Chimps, Bonobos, Gorillas in Africa; and Orangutans in Asia; humans everywhere except Antarctica)