1. THREE PILLARS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
The foundation of controlled social science research

2. Three Pillars of Experimental Research
manipulation
control
measurement

3. Manipulation focuses on the independent variable
involves systematically varying participant attributes, treatment conditions, or experimental stimuli
analogous to the "cause" in a cause- effect relationship

4. Measurement focuses on the dependent variable or outcome measure
involves measurement (recording and quantifying observations)
where the data comes from in an experiment
analogous to the "effect" in a cause-effect relationship

5. Control
involves holding all factors constant in an experiment, except the ones under investigation
"confounding,“ "extraneous," or "intervening“ variables must be controlled
confounding variables can’t always be prevented, but they can be controlled

6. True or Full Experiments
A "true" or "full" experimental design includes all three pillars:
Manipulation
Measurement
Control