1. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1 Technology In Action

2. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2 Technology In Action Chapter 3 Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resources

3. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 3 Topics Internet communicationsInternet communications Internet multimediaInternet multimedia E-CommerceE-Commerce Online annoyancesOnline annoyances Web browsersWeb browsers URLsURLs HyperlinksHyperlinks

4. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 4 More Topics Search enginesSearch engines Web site evaluationWeb site evaluation Internet dataInternet data Internet service providersInternet service providers Internet basicsInternet basics Origin of the InternetOrigin of the Internet Future of the InternetFuture of the Internet

5. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 5 Internet Communications Instant MessagingInstant Messaging Voice over Internet (VoIP)Voice over Internet (VoIP) WeblogsWeblogs PodcastsPodcasts Webcasts and WikisWebcasts and Wikis Chat RoomsChat Rooms NewsgroupsNewsgroups E-mailE-mail

6. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 6 Instant Messaging Real-time text-based conversationsReal-time text-based conversations Set up a list of contactsSet up a list of contacts –Buddy list Contacts must be onlineContacts must be online IM software detects presenceIM software detects presence Example: AOL Instant MessengerExample: AOL Instant Messenger

7. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7 Voice over Internet Protocol VoIP - The Internet as a means to place phone callsVoIP - The Internet as a means to place phone calls Uses technology similar to e-mail to send voice data digitallyUses technology similar to e-mail to send voice data digitally RequiresRequires –a microphone –an Internet connection –A VoIP provider Services differServices differ –Free services require an account on both ends –Paid services connect phone to computer –Cable and DSL providers offer phone through broadband –WiFi IP phones call through Internet hotspots and wireless networks

8. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 8 Weblogs (blogs) Known as blogsKnown as blogs Available to the publicAvailable to the public Simple to create, read, and manageSimple to create, read, and manage Entries listed on a single pageEntries listed on a single page Most recent entry at the topMost recent entry at the top SearchableSearchable Some are personalSome are personal Many are focused on a topicMany are focused on a topic

9. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 9 Podcasts Video blog (vlog) – entries are video clipsVideo blog (vlog) – entries are video clips Podcasts – compressed audio/video files distributed on the InternetPodcasts – compressed audio/video files distributed on the Internet RSS (Really Simple Syndication) technology allows constant updates for subscribersRSS (Really Simple Syndication) technology allows constant updates for subscribers Podcasts are all over the WebPodcasts are all over the Web –Requires “aggregator” software to gather podcasts –Requires media player software to play them Simple to create and attach RSS filesSimple to create and attach RSS files

10. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10 Webcasts and Wikis Webcasts broadcast audio/visual files but are not updatedWebcasts broadcast audio/visual files but are not updated –use streaming media A wiki is a Web site that allows anyone to change its contentA wiki is a Web site that allows anyone to change its content Wikis provide an excellent source for collaborative writingWikis provide an excellent source for collaborative writing Unlike blogs, wikis can be edited for a “common” opinionUnlike blogs, wikis can be edited for a “common” opinion

11. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 11 E-mail Electronic mailElectronic mail Primary means of communicationPrimary means of communication E-mail accountsE-mail accounts –Client-based –Web-based SpamSpam –Prevention

12. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 12 Chat Rooms Real-time text-based conversationsReal-time text-based conversations Rooms focus on specific topics or interestsRooms focus on specific topics or interests Identity protectionIdentity protection –Username

13. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 13 Newsgroups Online discussion forumsOnline discussion forums Post and reply to messagesPost and reply to messages

14. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 14 Social Networking Social networking sites like MySpace.comSocial networking sites like MySpace.com Members share common interestsMembers share common interests Members communicate by voice, chat, instant message, video, and blogsMembers communicate by voice, chat, instant message, video, and blogs Members create personalized profiles Growth has been explosive Risks must be recognized and reduced

15. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 15 Web Entertainment Multimedia:Multimedia: –Involves forms of media and text GraphicsGraphics AudioAudio VideoVideo –Streaming audio and video –Plug-in

16. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 16 Conducting Business Over the Internet E-Commerce:E-Commerce: –Electronic commerce –Business-to-consumer (B2C) –Business-to-business (B2B) –Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) –Secure transactions Manufacturer Suppliers Retailer B2B E-commerce

17. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 17 Online Annoyances Spam – electronic junk mailSpam – electronic junk mail Pop-ups – intrusive advertisingPop-ups – intrusive advertising Cookies – tracking user’s browsing habitsCookies – tracking user’s browsing habits Spyware – programs that collect data from a user’s computerSpyware – programs that collect data from a user’s computer Malware - software that has a malicious intentMalware - software that has a malicious intent Phishing and Hoaxes – Ruses to fool and maybe steal from usersPhishing and Hoaxes – Ruses to fool and maybe steal from users

18. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 18 Spam Junk e-MailJunk e-Mail Spam filtersSpam filters Antispam practicesAntispam practices

19. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 19 Pop-ups Usually advertisingUsually advertising Pop-up automaticallyPop-up automatically Pop-up blockersPop-up blockers

20. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 20 Cookies Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sitesText files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites Used on return visits to Web sitesUsed on return visits to Web sites Unique ID numberUnique ID number Personal information rememberedPersonal information remembered Privacy riskPrivacy risk –Selling information

21. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 21 Spyware Added as a program piggybacked with a requested programAdded as a program piggybacked with a requested program Gathers information, usually about surfing habitsGathers information, usually about surfing habits Antivirus software doesn’t detect itAntivirus software doesn’t detect it Spyware removal programs are requiredSpyware removal programs are required

22. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 22 Malware Software that has a malicious intentSoftware that has a malicious intent Spyware is a form of malwareSpyware is a form of malware Other forms are viruses, worms, and Trojan horsesOther forms are viruses, worms, and Trojan horses Designed to render a computer useless or penetrate it completelyDesigned to render a computer useless or penetrate it completely

23. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 23 Phishing and Hoaxes Phishing is a phony communicationPhishing is a phony communication Attempts to scam someone into sending vital informationAttempts to scam someone into sending vital information Hoaxes are attempts to scam people into sending money, or join a chain letterHoaxes are attempts to scam people into sending money, or join a chain letter

24. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 24 Navigating the Web: Web Browsers Computer softwareComputer software GraphicalGraphical Enables Web navigationEnables Web navigation Popular browsers:Popular browsers: –Internet Explorer –Netscape Navigator –Camino (Mac OSX)

25. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 25 Browser Toolbars

26. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 26 Web Sites Web site:Web site: –Collection of related Web pages –First page known as Home or Index page Web page:Web page: –HTML document Text and graphicsText and graphics –Unique address –Hyperlinks Home page Related pages

27. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 27 URL URL:URL: –Uniform Resource Locator –Unique Web page address URL http:// Protocol identifies the means of access www.nytimes.com/ Domain name contains the host and top- level domain Pages/cartoons/ Path identifies the subdirectories within the Web site

28. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 28 Getting Around the Web Web sitesWeb sites URLsURLs HyperlinksHyperlinks Favorites and BookmarksFavorites and Bookmarks

29. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 29 Current Top-Level Domains.aero Members of the air transport industry.biz Businesses.com Can be used by anyone.coop Cooperative associations.edu Degree granting institutions.govUnited States government.info Information service providers.mil United States military.museum Museums.name Individuals.net Networking organizations.org Organizations (often nonprofits).pro Credentialed professionals

30. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 30 Hyperlinks Provide access to other Web pagesProvide access to other Web pages Specially coded text or graphicsSpecially coded text or graphics Cursor becomes a hand with finger pointing upwardCursor becomes a hand with finger pointing upward

31. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 31 Favorites and Bookmarks List created of favorite Web pagesList created of favorite Web pages Easy method of returning to Web pagesEasy method of returning to Web pages Internet Explorer uses FavoritesInternet Explorer uses Favorites Netscape uses BookmarksNetscape uses Bookmarks Live Bookmarks use RSSLive Bookmarks use RSS

32. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 32 Tabbed Browsing Found on Firefox and Safari browsersFound on Firefox and Safari browsers –Not available on Internet Explorer Multiple pages in same browser windowMultiple pages in same browser window

33. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 33 Search Engines User keys word or phrase in search boxUser keys word or phrase in search box “Spider” or “Web Crawler” program scans Web pages“Spider” or “Web Crawler” program scans Web pages Results are indexed and sent to the clientResults are indexed and sent to the client

34. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 34 Subject Directories Web pages organized by topics and subtopicsWeb pages organized by topics and subtopics

35. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 35 Evaluating Web Sites Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor? What audience is the site geared toward?What audience is the site geared toward? Is the site biased?Is the site biased? Is the information current?Is the information current? Are links available?Are links available?

36. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 36 The Internet: The Basics Origin of the InternetOrigin of the Internet The Internet vs. the WebThe Internet vs. the Web Clients and serversClients and servers Connecting to the InternetConnecting to the Internet

37. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 37 Client and Server Client computer:Client computer: –Users connect to the Internet –Request data and Web pages Server computers:Server computers: –Store Web pages and data –Return the requested data to the client Server Client

38. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 38 Connecting to the Internet Dial-up connection:Dial-up connection: –Uses standard telephone line –Least costly connection –Requires a modem Converts analog and digital signalsConverts analog and digital signals –Slowest connection speed (56Kbps)

39. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 39 Broadband Connections Digital Subscriber LinesDigital Subscriber Lines –Faster than dial-up Upload (300Kbps – 1.5Mbps)Upload (300Kbps – 1.5Mbps) Download (1Mbps – 1.5Mbps)Download (1Mbps – 1.5Mbps) –Requires special DSL modem DSL modem

40. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 40 Broadband Connections Cable:Cable: –Uses TV coaxial cable –Fast connection speed (500Kbps – 4Mbps) –Speed depends on number of users –Not available in all areas –Requires a cable modem Coaxial cable

41. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 41 Satellite Connections Uses a satellite dish and coaxial cableUses a satellite dish and coaxial cable –Download speed 500 kbps –Upload speed 100 kbps –Signal is affected by location and weather

42. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 42 Comparing Internet Connection Options Connectio n Option Maximum Upload Data Transfer Rate (approximate) Maximum Download Data Transfer Rate (approximate) Dial-Up56 Kbps DSL (ADSL) 300 Kbps1 Mbps DSL (SDSL) 1.5 Mbps Cable500 Kbps4 Mbps Satellite100 Kbps500 Kbps

43. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 43 Choosing an ISP Factors to consider:Factors to consider: –Customer service –Local access numbers –E-mail options –Cost –Trial period

44. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 44 Internet Service Providers ISP:ISP: –Internet service provider –Provide user access to the Internet –National, regional, or local companies OSP:OSP: –Online service provider –Provide online proprietary content as well as Internet access –AOL, CompuServe, MSN

45. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 45 The Origin of the Internet ARPANET:ARPANET: –Advanced Research Projects Agency Network –Funded by the U.S. government in the 1960s –Allowed computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other over great distances

46. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 46 The Web The Web is a part of the Internet distinguished by:The Web is a part of the Internet distinguished by: –common communication protocols TCP/IP and HTML –special links (called hyperlinks) Web invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-LeeWeb invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee 1993, National Center for Supercomputing Applications releases the Mosaic browser1993, National Center for Supercomputing Applications releases the Mosaic browser Developers of Mosaic release Netscape (1994)Developers of Mosaic release Netscape (1994) Netscape is beginning of Web’s major growthNetscape is beginning of Web’s major growth

47. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 47 The Internet vs. The Web Internet – part of the system that is primarily hardware infrastructure (telecommunications, routers, servers, disk drives, etcetera)Internet – part of the system that is primarily hardware infrastructure (telecommunications, routers, servers, disk drives, etcetera) Web – part of the system that contains intellectual property in many multimedia formats (test files, graphic files, sound files, video files, etc.)Web – part of the system that contains intellectual property in many multimedia formats (test files, graphic files, sound files, video files, etc.) INTERNET WWW

48. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 48 Future of the Internet Large Scale Networking (LSN):Large Scale Networking (LSN): –Research and development of cutting- edge networking and wireless technologies Internet2:Internet2: –Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies –Internet2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 9.6 Gbps

49. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 49 How can I communicate through the Internet?How can I communicate through the Internet? Chapter 3 Summary Question 1

50. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 50 What are the various kinds of Multimedia?What are the various kinds of Multimedia? Chapter 3 Summary Question 2

51. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 51 What is e-commerce?What is e-commerce? Chapter 3 Summary Question 3

52. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 52 What are cookies?What are cookies? Chapter 3 Summary Question 4

53. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 53 What is a Web browser?What is a Web browser? Chapter 3 Summary Question 5

54. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 54 What is a URL and what are its parts?What is a URL and what are its parts? Chapter 3 Summary Question 6

55. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 55 How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web?How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web? Chapter 3 Summary Question 7

56. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 56 How do I search the Internet using search engines and subject directories?How do I search the Internet using search engines and subject directories? Chapter 3 Summary Question 8

57. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 57 How does data travel on the Internet?How does data travel on the Internet? Chapter 3 Summary Question 9

58. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 58 What are my options for connecting to the Internet?What are my options for connecting to the Internet? Chapter 3 Summary Question 10

59. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 59 How do I choose an Internet service provider?How do I choose an Internet service provider? Chapter 3 Summary Question 11

60. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 60 Chapter 3 Summary Question 12 What is the origin of the Internet?What is the origin of the Internet?

61. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 61 What does the Internet of the future look like?What does the Internet of the future look like? Chapter 3 Summary Question 13