1. Ware:Vislab:CCOM Basic Vision+ The process and what stands out CH1 – CH2 + supplimentary

2. Ware:Vislab:CCOM Data Classes  Scalar Field 1D 2D 3D  Vector Field 1D 2D 3D  Time Varying All of the above  Discrete 1D K-dimensional  Nominal Overlapping sets of data with multiple nominal attributes  Graph G = {V,E} Tree Directed acyclic Weighted graph Hyper graph

3. Human Visual Field

4. Visual Angle

5. 1 diopter: a lens that focuses at 1 meter. 45d Cornea ~15d Lens d = 1/f

6. Acuities Vernier super acuity (10 sec) Grating acuity Two Point acuity (0.5 min) What is the ideal resolution

7. CAVE  Resolution problems  Light scattering problems iPhone 960x640 5 cm 1280x1280

8. CAVE  Resolution problems  Light scattering problems iPhone 960x640 5 cm 1280x1280 128 pixels/degree 14 pixels/deg 16,000 pixels/ deg 2 196 pixels/ deg 2

9. Immersion VR  HMD + head tracking  Data glove

10. Human Spatial Acuity

11. Cutoff at 50 cycles/deg.  Receptors: 20 sec of arc  Pooled over larger and larger areas  100 million receptors  1 million fibers to brain  A screen may have 30 pixels/cm – need about 4 times as much.  VR displays have 5 pixels/cm

12. Aliasing and Anti aliasing

13. Temporal Aliasing  Human Flicker fusion 50 Hz  Temporal aliasing occurs with moving targets  Must compute motion blur to fix the problem

14. Acuity Distribution

15. Brain Pixels

16. Ware:Vislab:CCOM

19. Visual search

20. The Process of Visual Thinking Ware:Vislab:CCOM

21. Spotfire product

22. What we can easily find :CH2  Visual search depends on Salience (low level properties) Tuning of low level properties Search skills (knowledge) Ware:Vislab:CCOM

23. V1 processing Ware:Vislab:CCOM

25. Pre-Attentive Processing

26. Color is Pre-Attentive (Pops out)

27. Generic Pre-Attentive Experiment  Number of irrelevant items varies  Pre-attentive 10 msec per item or better.

28. Color

30. Orientation

32. Motion

34. Size

36. Simple shading

38. Conjunction (does not pop out)

39. Semantic Depth of Field

41. Ware:Vislab:CCOM

42. Relevance  Symbol design (nominal coding)  Highlighting, - search guidance.  Glyph design (quantititive symbols) Ware:Vislab:CCOM

43. Mapping data to display variables Data glyphs  Position (2)  Orientation (1)  Size (spatial frequency)  Motion (2)++  Blinking?  Color (3)  Note we have the problem of heterogeneity – There is no good solution Star glyph Method

44. Starplot glyph

45. How many dimensions? Ware:Vislab:CCOM

47. Symbols Ware:Vislab:CCOM

48. A symbol set designed for rapid search Ware:Vislab:CCOM

49. Asymmetries in search Ware:Vislab:CCOM Highlighting methods

50. Motion Highlighting Ware:Vislab:CCOM

54. Capacity of visual working memory (Vogal, Woodman, Luck, 2001)  Task – change detection  Can see 3.3 objects  Each object can be complex 1 second

55. Dual Processing OBJECT FILES “Nexus” Dog

56. Attention and Patterns

57. Ware:Vislab:CCOM Donald Norman – Cognition in the Head and in the World “ The power of the unaided mind is highly overrated. Without external aids, memory, thought and reasoning are all constrained. But human intelligence is highly flexible and adaptive, superb at inventing procedures and objects that overcome its own limits. The real powers come from devising external aids that enhance cognitive activities. How have we increased memory, thought and reasoning? By the invention of external aids: it is things that make us smart.”

58. Example of process Perception for cognition Ware:Vislab:CCOM