1. Efficient Generation of Electricity www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans

2. Thermodynamics Cannot win, can only break even Cannot reach absolute zero Can only break even at absolute zero

3. Goal Increase as far as is possible, the maximum temperature in the cycle i.e. better materials & engineering

7. Charpy fatigue oxidation, corrosion tensile, creep critical stress intensity

8. MULTIPASS ARC WELD L.-E. SVENSSON

9. C, Mn, Si, Ni, Mo, Cr, V, Nb, Ti, Al, N, O, P, S B, ….. Casting, forging ….. welding parameters and processes prolonged heat treatments cost The Variables

10. thermodynamics kinetics cost models microstructure bayesian neural networks alloy design oxidation validation processing

11. Nickel base alloy FT750dc wt%

12. 40  m

14. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 020040060080010001200 Temperature / °C Yield stress / MPa Tancret & Bhadeshia, 2002

15. FT750dc 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 123456 log (t /h) rupture stress / MPa Tancret & Bhadeshia, 2002

16. ferritic alloy C wt%

17. Cole & Bhadeshia, 2002 650 o C

18. Mechanically Alloyed Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Metals

19. Fe-20Cr-5Al- 0.5Ti-0.3 yttria wt% 90% reduction Capdevila & Bhadeshia, 2000

21. Helical grains

22. Capdevila & Bhadeshia, 2000

26. thermodynamics kinetics cost models microstructure bayesian neural networks alloy design oxidation validation processing

27. Problems During the development of these models, we have discovered some fundamental difficulties with theory In particular, theory dealing with small driving forces

28. diaz del Castillo & Bhadeshia, 2001a

31. Conclusions There has been progress in predicting alloy behaviour Much more progress needed in theory Oxidation models?