1. Differences in Model Transport of CO2

3. Cloud Contamination ✦ Radar indicates precipitation along fronts ✦ Coincidentally, this is where much of interesting CO2 variability and transport occurs Clouds mask important information!

5. How Do Transport Errors Affect Flux Estimation? Typically, one would invert CO2 observations through a transport model to estimate unknown surface fluxes Transport is assumed to be perfect What if transport is wrong? Experiment: Create “synthetic CO2 observations” using high resolution model, and invert through low resolution transport model Surface fluxes used to generate synthetic data are used as priors for inversion If high and low resolution transport are the same, no “unknown” surface fluxes will be estimated

6. Control Runs: 1) 2.5x2 transport Sampled Along GOSAT PgC Month -0.06 +0.06 +0.07

7. Control Runs: 2) 2.5x2 transport Sampled Along GOSAT - Screen for Clouds -0.07 +0.08 +0.05 -0.07

8. Control Runs: 3) 2.5x2 transport Sampled Along GOSAT - Add σ = 3 ppm noise - No Cloud Screening -0.09 -0.05 -0.06 +0.06 -0.09 +0.07

9. Transport Experiment: 1) 0.67x0.5 transport Sampled Along GOSAT - NO cloud Screening - σ = 3 ppm error not added -0.2 +0.5 +0.7 +0.1 +0.5 -0.2 +0.1 -0.1

10. Transport Experiment:2) 0.67x0.5 transport Sampled Along GOSAT- Cloud Screening- σ = 3 ppm error IS added -0.15 -0.25 +0.45 +0.2 +0.3 -0.3 +0.1 -0.1 +0.1