1. EPA Solar Oven Project #05301 Preliminary Design Review February 18, 2005

2. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 2 Team Solar Oven Team Lead:Emma FultonISE Team Members:Josh BatesME Otman El AllamISE Natasha PrivorotskayaME Jon SteinerME

3. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 3 Agenda Introduction Needs Assessment Specifications/Requirements Feasibility Assessment Materials Selection Concept Development & Designs Testing Methodology Future Work Questions

4. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 4 Why Solar Ovens? Average Latin American Country 35% of the population is below the poverty line and lives in rural areas Majority cook with firewood Limited use of solar ovens

5. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 5 Project Mission Statement Design, test, and build a low-cost solar oven for use in Latin American countries using locally available resources, mass production methods, and labor Note: Objective is not to reinvent the wheel, rather to make it suitable for use in rural Latin America

6. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 6 Needs Assessment Scope Limitations Order Qualifiers Order Winners

7. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 7 Scope Limitations Design should only incorporate locally available resources, production methods, and labor Design should be mass-producible Design must be durable Design must be able to cook food and pasteurize water Must perform user testing to ensure ease of use

8. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 8 Scope Limitations (Cont’d) Design must be benchmarked against three commercially available units Thermal analysis must be conducted on prototypes With Graduate student assistance Economic, social, environmental impact Lifecycle and durability analysis

9. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 9 Order Qualifiers Inexpensive method Locally produced (labor and production methods) Decrease need for firewood Decrease the rate of deforestation Decrease CO2 emissions Minimize the exposure to smoky conditions

10. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 10 Pairwise Comparison of Attributes

11. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 11 Ranking of Attributes

12. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 12 Order Winners: Top 5 Attributes Inexpensive design Heats up quickly Reaches temperatures necessary to cook food and pasteurize water Easy to use Durable

13. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 13 House of Quality

14. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 14 Feasibility Assessment: How Many Prototypes to Build

15. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 15 Feasibility Assessment: How Many Prototypes to Build

16. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 16 Materials Selection* Main Construction Material Reflector Material Cover Material * CES Selector 4.5

17. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 17 Main Construction Material

18. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 18 Main Construction Material

19. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 19 Wood Selection Type of Wood Price (USD/lb) Density (lb/in 3 ) Thermal Expansion (µstrain/ºF) Particle Board0.2910.02176.945 MDF0.3740.02716.945 Plywood0.6240.02713.889

20. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 20 Reflector Material

21. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 21 Reflector Material

22. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 22 Cover Material

23. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 23 Materials Chosen Main Construction Material Particleboard Reflector Aluminum sheet (reused) Cover Acrylic

24. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 24 Three Main Types of Solar Ovens Box*Panel** *http://www.exoticblades.com/tamara/sol_cook/types.html **http://www.solarcooking.org/plans.htm Parabolic*

25. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 25 Advantages/Disadvantages

26. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 26 Concept Development Homemade ~$10 Commercial: $220

27. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 27 Concept Screening Process Generated concepts Six box types Three features to add to any design One stand to hold cooker One pyramid cooker Structured Voting Technique with team members and project sponsor

28. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 28 Results of Voting

29. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 29 Four Reflector Box Rear access door Proven design Good insulation Large reflectance area Total Material Cost: $33.64 Box Type

30. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 30 Single Reflector Box Good insulation Light weight Portable Inexpensive Retains heat (lid) Total Material Cost: $15.38 Box Type

31. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 31 Pyramid Reflector Box Simple to build Light weight Portable Large reflectance area Total Material Cost: $19.65 Panel/Box Type

32. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 32 Testing Methodology Determine angle of reflectors Square 1 software Laser Testing Mimic sun’s energy Create indoor setup Array of 9 projection lamps (300 Watts each) Calibrated solar cell Thermocouples Test prototypes outside Thermocouples

33. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 33 Picture of Indoor Testing Stand

34. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 34 Future Work Calibrate testing equipment Conduct tests and analyze data Use HOQ to determine winning prototype Combine features and optimize materials Possibly build new prototype Field test in Venezuela Utilize field test results, possibly redesign

35. 2-18-0505301 EPA Solar Oven 35 Thanks and Questions Thanks to: Dr. Carrano Dr. Thorn Dr. Raffaelle Carlos Plaz Mr. Wellin Dr. Mozrall Chris Wood Questions?