1. Unraveling a Fish Myth

2. Pervasive rhetoric: …aquaculture is less efficient than traditional fishing… “It takes 2-5 lbs of wild fish to produce 1 lb of farmed fish. If you do the math, this isn’t sustainable.” Dir. Center for Coastal and Watershed Systems, Yale University Back to basic biology

3. Unraveling a Fish Myth TE in Nature – Avg. trophic efficiency = 10% – 10lbs (L#N)  1lb (l#N+1) – Fish Prod = Prim Prod x (TE)↑exp TL

4. 18,163 31 6.21 0.9 4.65 31 470 2,351 11,754 157313 2,351 11,754 42,380 algal picoplankton and nanoplankton (60,543) flagellates (11,754) ciliates (2,351) crustacean zooplankton (470) mesopelagic vertical migrators (63)chaetognaths, micronekton (31) small tuna, salmon, squid (4.65) large tuna, sharks, billfish (0.7) bacteria (16,388) DOC (32,776)

5. 2.36.8 64.5 42.75 phytoplankton (150) flagellates (12.9) ciliates (2.6) crustacean zooplankton (9.1) invertebrate carnivores (1.4) pelagic fish (9.3) natural mortality and fishing 42.75

6. Unraveling a Fish Myth TE in Aquaculture [Avg. 40-60%] WHY? – Nutritional profile of pelleted feeds – Little energy expended hunting for food – Bite-sized pellets size means little waste – Also, no by-catch waste – AQ feeds now 10-25% fish meal