1. Thinking Geographically
Chapter One
Thinking Geographically

2. Cultural Landscape Main thing human geographers are concerned with
Visible imprint of human activity on the landscape

3. Sequent Occupance
Notion that successive societies leave the cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape

4. Scale Differences Maps of Washington State
Fig. 1-3: The effects of scale in maps of Washington State. (Scales from 1:10 million to 1:10,000)

5. Township & Range System in the US
Fig. 1-4: Principal meridians & east-west baselines of the township system. Townships in northwest Mississippi & topographic map of the area.

6. Principal Meridians & Baselines U.S. Land Ordinance of 1785

7. Layers of a GIS
Fig. 1-5: A geographic information system (GIS) stores information about a location in several layers. Each layer represents a different category of information.

8. Uniqueness of Places & Regions
Place: Unique location of a feature
Toponyms Place names
Site
Situation
Mathematical location
Regions: Areas of unique characteristics
Cultural landscape
Types of regions
Spatial association
Regional integration of culture
Cultural ecology

9. Situation: Singapore
Fig. 1-7: Singapore is situated at a key location for international trade.

10. World Geographic Grid
Fig. 1-8: The world geographic grid consists of meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude. The prime meridian ( 0º) passes through Greenwich, England.

11. World Time Zones
Fig. 1-9: The world’s 24 standard time zones each represent about 15° of longitude. They are often depicted using the Mercator projection.

12. Formal Regions: also called Uniform or Homogeneous
Fig. 1-10: Presidential election results by county & state illustrate differences in regional voting patterns.

13. Corn Belt

14. Formal and Functional Regions
Fig. 1-11: The state of Iowa is an example of a formal region; the areas of influence of various television stations are examples of functional regions. DISTANCE DECAY is an important concept associated with this type of region

15. Vernacular Regions – also called perceptual
Fig. 1-12: A number of features are often used to define the South as a vernacular region, each of which identifies somewhat different boundaries.

16. World Climate Regions
Fig. 1-14: The modified Köppen system divides the world into five main climate regions.

17. Density and Concentration of Baseball Teams, 1952 & 2007
Fig. 1-19: The changing distribution of North American baseball teams illustrates the differences between density and concentration.