1. Bone Formation and Bone Remodeling S.K. Kim November 16, 2009

2. 46HE (H & E) Intramembranous bone formation of maxilla (flat bone) Nasal septum (hyaline cartilage) Tongue Oral cavity Nasal cavity

3. 46M ( Masson or Trichrome) Rotate 180 o Forming mandibular bone Forming tooth Meckel’s cartilage (hyaline) Tongue (skeletal muscle) Tongue (skeletal muscle) Genioglossus muscle (skeletal muscle) Lower jaw Mandibular bone (flat) formation: Intramembranous ossification

4. #120-N

5. # 120 Developing face (frontal section) Forming facial (maxillary) bone: Intramembranous ossification Oral cavity Tongue Nasal cavity Orbit: eye ball Nasal septum: (hyaline cartilage)

6. Intramembranous bone formation. #46-HE; #46-M; #120 Periosteum Bone trabecula(e) or spicules

7. Bone Cells Periosteum Osteoblasts Osteocytes Osteoclasts Osteoid ? #1 ? #2 ? #3 ? #4 ? #5

8. 115N (H&E) Sagital section of the palate Intramembranous, palatal and maxillary bone formation Nasal cavity Oral cavity Upper lip Gingiva (gum) Developing tooth Rotate 180 o 115-M (Masson)

9. Trabecular bone before conversion to compact bone #115N

10. Immature (woven/mottled) bone; #115N Highly cellular: aggregation of osteocytes Basophilic: high concentration of GAGs

11. Sharpey’s fibers #115N

12. Beginning of osteon formation; #115N

13. Growth in diameter of a long bone #48 (H&E) and 48b (Masson) Periosteum

14. Long bone shaft:growth in diameter #48 (tibia and fibula) Osteoblasts Osteoid Periosteum (cellular) (Fibrous) Tibia Fibula

15. Epiphyseal plate Epiphysis Metaphysis Diaphysis Endochondral Bone formation #110 (finger, H&E)

16. Epiphyseal plate and endochondral bone formation #108 Resting cartilage Chondrocyte proliferation Chondrocyte hypertrophy Cartilage calcification Erosion of calicified cartilage and bone deposition (ossification) Tide mark (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

17. Epiphyseal plate and endochondral bone formation #49

18. Calcified cartilage core in trabecular bone #49

19. Bone Remodeling Erosion (resorption) Tunnel