1. Boundar Layer Meteorology Lecture 2 Review chapter 1 of Garratt Terminology and Notation Review Some non-dimensional numbers Reynolds Averaging

2. Review chapter 1 of Garratt Inner and outer layers (what’s with this, is the outer layer really part of the boundary layer?) Seasonal and geographic variations of the boundary layer’s character.

3. Modeled Boundary Layer Depth

5. Observed Boundary Layer Depth

6. Terminology Boundary Layer Regions: Surface Layer Mixed Layer Residual Layer Stable (Nocturnal Boundary) Layer Entrainment Zone Ekman Layer (Outer Layer) Surface Layer

7. Boundary Layer Regions

8. Notation Variables: T, T v, ,  v, , q, x, y, z, Viscosity:  =  du/dy  ;  T  kg/(m s)=Pa/s  –Kinetmatic viscosity:  m 2 /s Summation (Einstein) notation: see Stull handout (pp. 57- 74). Note definitions of the Kronecker delta (and distinction between it and the unit vector), and the alternating unit tensor (Levi-Civita symbol) used to express the cross product.

9. Some Non-Dimensional Numbers Reynolds number: Re = VL/ –Reynolds number is ratio of acceleration (or “inertial force”) to friction force. It governs transition to turbulence (at high Reynolds numbers, e.g. about 2300 for pipes; highly variable!). Richardson numbers: ratio of –Flux –Gradient: Ri = (g/  d  dz)/(du/dz) 2 –Bulk

10. Reynolds averaging and Reynolds Stresses t 1 should be enough larger than t 2 so that the average is independent of time.

11. Reynolds averaging and Reynolds Stresses

12. Understanding Reynolds Stress