1. South Asia Review of South Asia1 Questions South Asia
Population Geography
Physiological vs. arithmetic population density
Demographic transition model

2. Population Geography Spatial view of demography Population density
Study of population distribution, composition, rates of growth, and patterns of flow
Population density
Arithmetic
Physiologic
Key measures
Rate of natural increase
Doubling time

3. Arithmetic vs.Physiologic Population Densities
Arithmetic density:
Population/unit land area)
Physiologic density:
Population/unit area of arable land
Arable land
Land suitable for plowing and crop production
Land which can be cultivated
(does not include grazing land)

4. Arithmetic vs.Physiological Population Densities
Country
Arithmetic density (per mi2)
Physiological density (per mi2)
Canada 8
164
Netherlands
1,029
4,955
Egypt
192
9,638
India
855
1,688
Bangladesh
2,510
3,800

7. POPULATION GROWTH

10. Doubling Time The 29th Day China: 60 years in 1985, now 82 years
India: 31 years in 1985, now 42 years
Family planning

11. 'Simple answer for a healthy family:
The second child should come after three years'
During the National Emergency ( ), the emphasis on family planning posters was not to have more than two children. This was certainly unpalatable for the masses.
This poster seems a lot more democratic in conveying the underlying message.

12. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL

13. PAKISTAN (AT PARTITION)
India
West Pakistan
East Pakistan
(Bangladesh after 1971)

14. P A K I S T N

15. Pakistan Islamic Republic of Pakistan Population of 150 million
Official language:Urdu (Arabic+Farsi+Hindi)
Urdu is written in Arabic script/Hindi is written in Devanagari
Capital: Karachi-Islamabad
Forward capital
80% Sunni Muslims; 16% Shia minority
Subregions:
Punjab (2) – 60% of Palistani population – Punjabi
Sind – Hyderabad – 2 too!
Baluchistan
North west frontier

16. Kashmir Independence & partition 1947 – Pakistani tribesmen invade
Jammu & Kashmir: Hindu India or Muslim Pakistan?
Hindu Maharaja but Muslim majority
Attempts to remain outside both India and Pakistan at Independence
1947 – Pakistani tribesmen invade
January 1949 – U.N. Cease fire
Kashmir was partitioned
Muslims continue insurgency
: 10,000 killed
1998: Nuclear ‘tests’ by India and Pakistan

17. INDIA

18. INDIA
Federation of 28 STATES, 6 Union Territories, & National Capital Territory
Population: 1.27 billion
Is a billion 109 or 1012 ?
28% urbanized
14 official languages
numerous minor languages
Hindi is official language
English is lingua franca)

19. Why has India remained united?
From a cultural/political standpoint:
Centripetal forces
Forces that unite and bind together
Satisfaction with government
Sense of justice and shared opportunity
Centrifugal forces
Forces that divide and encourage secession
Religious, racial, linguistic, political divisions

20. Centrifugal Forces 25 separate states 14 official languages
150 million Muslims
Largest minority in the world
20 million Sikhs
Thousands of castes

21. Centripetal Forces Hinduism Government institutions Infrastructure
Common opposition to British rule
Pacifism of Mahatma Ghandi

22. Economic Development GDP: US$450 per capita
38% live below the poverty line
A mixture of traditional village farming and modern agriculture
Handicrafts, old and new branches of industry
Multitude of support services and nuclear power
Textiles & clothing
IT services