1. Nutrient Loading in Coastal Streams, Variation with Land Use in the Carpinteria Valley Timothy H. Robinson Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California Santa Barbara

2. Introductions

3. Overview Creeks of the Carpinteria Valley: Arroyo Paredon CSM North Tributaries Santa Monica Franklin Carpinteria/Gobernador Lagunitas My research project: Nutrient export Modeling Predictions

5. Methodology Identify land use classes and sampling site locations: Chaparral/Forest, Avocado, Greenhouse, Open-Field Nursery, Residential and Commercial Sampling strategies: Subcatchment, point discharge and above-below Sampling methods: Manual sample or ISCO auto-sampler GIS database development Data analysis Nutrient flux calculation (hydrology and stream chemistry) Nutrient export coefficient model development Integration with an urban growth model

6. Sampling Site Locations

7. Measuring Nutrient Concentrations Grab samples and ISCO auto- samplers

8. Analyzing for: Ammonium (NH 4 + ), Nitrate (NO 3 - ), Total Dissolve Nitrogen (TDN), Phosphate (PO 4 3- ), Total Particulate Carbon (TPC), Total Particulate Nitrogen (TPN), Total Particulate Phosphate (TPP), Total Suspended Sediments (TSS) and major ions at selected locations Specifics: Frequency: Regular sampling: Once every 2 weeks during the dry season Once a week during the wet season Storm sampling: Every hour on the rising limb of the hydrograph Every 2-4 hours on the falling limb of the hydrograph Project duration: WY2001, WY2002 and WY2003

9. Measuring Stream Flow Staff Gauges and Pressure Transducers Surveying the Cross-Sections Developing Rating Curves

10. Stream Chemistry and Hydrology Carpinteria Creek (WY-2002)

11. General Trends in Nutrient Concentrations by Watershed 1 10 100 1000 10000 FranklinCarpinteriaSanta Monica nitrate (µM) baseflow stormflow 1 10 100 FranklinCarpinteriaSanta Monica phosphate (µM) baseflow stormflow

12. Nutrient Loading Development of a Nutrient Flux Model Stream Chemistry Observed Stage PT Stage (5-min) Observed Flow PT Flow (5-min) Stream Chemistry Stage-Discharge Relationship (HEC-RAS) Flow (hourly) Flow (hourly) Stream Chemistry (hourly) Identify: Baseflow, Peakflow.. Nut. Conc. Flow (hourly) Stream Chemistry (model/obs) Nut. Flux (conc/flow) Annual Nutrient Loading Observed Flow (hourly) Linear extrapolation

13. WY 2001 Cumulative Nutrient Export Franklin Creek Watershed

14. Cumulative Nitrate Export Nursery Site

15. WY2001 Basin Outlet Mass Flux WY 2001

16. Comparison of Flux after Normalizing with Runoff

17. AGISE IInterviewILiteratureKLiterature  k tD/V LUGIS Abbreviation key: E – Export Coefficient Function B – Watershed Response Variable S – Soils P - Precipitation Nutrient Export Coefficient Model D atm LTER Literature S+P +ASMC ASMC – Antecedent Soil Moisture Content K – Down Stream Distance-Decay Function k +  – Coefficients t – Time D – Distance Traveled Downstream V – Average Velocity Traveled Downstream L

18. Integration with an Urban Growth Model (SLEUTH) SLEUTH : an urban growth model implemented for the Santa Barbara area that predicts future land use, example 2050 Enables comparison of future loadings to standards being set for stream water quality regulations (TMDLs) Evaluation of proposed BMP mitigations

19. Significance of the Project Presentations: PhD Seminar, Bren School UCSB Santa Barbara Coastal LTER Seminar, UCSB University of California Toxic Substances Research & Teaching Program, Annual Symposium, Long Beach Coastal Water Resources, American Water Resources Association 2002 Spring Conference, New Orleans Southern California Wetlands Recovery Project, 2002 Symposium, Ventura California and the Worlds Oceans 02 Conference, Santa Barbara

20. Questions Thank you!!

21. Sampling Teams Three teams sampling in and around storm events 1.Lower reach sites 2.Upper reach sites 3.Restricted sites

22. Percentage Land Use Class by Land Use Sub-Area

23. Santa Monica Debris Basin

24. Gobernador Debris Basin

25. Chaparral/Forest Sites CP05 SM05 GB05

26. Residential Site (CP30)

27. Commercial Site (CP20)

28. Greenhouse Site

29. Nursery Site (FK06+FK07)

30. Getting to Know Your Local Streams

31. Carpinteria Creek (first storm) CP00 – outlet CP20 – commercial CP30 – residential GB04 – chaparral/ forest

32. Franklin Creek (first storm)