1. Desktop Publishing Carnegie-Mellon University Spring 2001 Dave Watterson Art Director, GATF wttrsn@aol.com dwatterson@gatf.org

2. Paper The cost of paper represents 30– 40% of the total cost of a typical printing job. Upgrading papers is usually a simple and often dramatic way of improving the appearance a project

3. Paper Choice In addition to cost the paper choice affects every aspect of the printing and finishing and delivery process.

4. Five major Grades of Paper Bond Uncoated book (offset) Text Coated book Cover

5. The Most Reliable Papers for specific projects Letterhead, envelopes, certificates and legal documents White 24# wove 25% cotton bond

6. The Most Reliable Papers for specific projects Photocopies, laser printing, notepads, fliers, statement stuffers White 20# wove 4 bond

7. The Most Reliable Papers for specific projects Newsletters, brochures, direct mailers, booklets, staff directories (any project which is primarily type and spot ink colors). 60# smooth #1 offset

8. The Most Reliable Papers for specific projects Newsletters, brochures, catalogs, labels, calendars, maps, small posters (products which require bright colors and faithful halftones).

9. The Most Reliable Papers for specific projects Covers of books, calendars and programs, membership cards, menus, dividers in binders White 8-point or 10-point C1S Cover

10. The Most Reliable Papers for specific projects Announcements, envelopes, presentation folders, coupons, and tickets Light blue or gray 80# felt text

11. The Most Reliable Papers for specific projects Business cards, covers for premium presentations Light blue of gray 65# felt cover

12. Paper Characteristics Color Brightness Opacity Surface Grain Weight

13. Paper Color The “whiter” is largely an subjective determination Whiteness is dependent upon the manufacturing process, bleach and other chemicals make pulp white. The same paper can change color from run to run

14. Paper Brightness Brightness is a result of the quantitative measurement of reflectance Most papers have brightness ratings between 60–90% brightness

15. Paper Opacity Opacity is measured on a scale of 1–100 Most papers fall in the 80–98% range Opacity increases with basis weight and bulk

16. Paper Surface Calendering in the papermaking process determines the surface texture of paper The surface determines how easily paper accepts ink

17. Paper Grain During papermaking fibers become aligned, the result is grain When fibers run parallel to the length of a sheet it is called grain long When paper fibers run crosswise it is referred to as grain short

18. Paper Weight measurement Basis Weight is expressed in pounds and is figured using one ream (500 sheets) at the sheet’s basic size. 80# (25 03 38 0 )

19. Paper Caliper Paper thickness is defined as caliper. It is measured to the thousandths of an inch and expressed as point size Stock called 7-point is.007 0 and abbreviated 7pt.

20. Paper Bulk Bulk refers to the comparative thickness of a sheet relative to its basis weight. Caliper and bulk are not related to basis weight

21. Paper Quantities Reams consist of 500 sheets Cartons of paper weigh approx. 150 pounds but may contain any number of sheets depending upon size and basis weight Paper distributors use cartons as units of sale

22. Specifying Paper Quantity Size Grain Direction Weight Color Brand name Texture/Finish Grade

23. Contacting me I don’t have an office on campus and really work all day Please e-mail me and I will set up a meeting time as quickly as possible

24. Thanks for your attention! Now let’s head over to the lab (CFA Room 318)