1. UNIVERSITA’ POLITECNICA DELLE MARCHE, ANCONA (ITALY) Massimo Conti, Giovanni Vece EXTENSION OF SYSTEMC FRAMEWORK TOWARDS POWER ANALYSIS: THE PKTOOL SIMULATION ENVIROMENT 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

2. INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW PKtool (Power Kernel tool) is a power analysis tool recently developed by Università Politecnica delle Marche. Mainly dedicated to power estimation for systems modelled in SystemC/C++ language. Entirely realized in SystemC/C++, as a language extension for power analysis. Distributed through free of charge open source releases ( downloadable from http://www.deit.univpm.it/PKtool ) 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

3. MAIN MOTIVATIONS Power dissipation represents a primary design issue, making it worthwhile to explore possible SystemC extensions for power analysis. Providing an istrument for direct power analysis within a SystemC-based design. Promoting the diffusion and use of SystemC language. basic language verification library AMS extension TLM framework customized user extension SystemC power analysis extension 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

4. IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH PKtool is implemented according to the typical SystemC modeling paradigm: BENEFITS: unified design context, no need of ad hoc execution tools,,. wide chances for interoperability and user enhancements, LIMITATIONS: Constraint in functionality realization. C++ language standard SystemC basic framework Core functionalities Data types Elementary channels PKtool environment Kernel Aug. signals Power_modules Power models 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

5. PRIMARY TARGETS IN PKTOOL DEVELOPMENT REFERENCE FEATURES -GENERALE AND FLEXIBILE METHODOLOGY -FULL INTEGRATION IN A SYSTEMC-BASED DESIGN FLUX -USER-FRIENDLY APPLICATION MODALITIES - LOW SIMULATION OVERHEAD ISSUES TO BE FACED - TRADE-OFF CONDITIONS FOR THE REFERENCE FEATURES -FURTHER RESTRICTIONS COMING FROM IMPLEMENTATION CONSTRAINTS 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

6. APPLICATION MODALITIES PKtool can be applied on the single sc_modules constituting a SystemC description of the system. The simulation results are given by the power/energy estimations of each monitored sc_module, reported in apposite text files. sc_module #1 sc_module #4 sc_module #3 sc_module #2 SYSTEMC DESCRIPTION SIMULATION RESULTS PKTOOL SIMULATOR POWER ESTIMATION #1 POWER ESTIMATION #2 POWER ESTIMATION #3 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

7. INSTANCE OF POWER_MODULES A single sc_module is selected for PKtool simulations by instancing a corresponding power_module. Instance example : master m1, m2; POWER_MODULE(master) m1, m2; sc_module #1 sc_module #4 sc_module #3 sc_module #2 ORIGINAL SYSTEMC DESCRIPTION SYSTEMC DESCRIPTION WITH POWER_MODULES power_module #1 power_module #4 power_module #3 power_module #2 POWER_MODULE INSTANCE 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

8. POWER MODELS IN PKTOOL ENVIRONMENT Entities used for estimating power dissipation within PKtool environment. Formal representations of the power dissipated by a digital system (usually an approximation of the real dissipation). PKtool makes available several power models included inside a customized model library. The PKtool model library is an extensible entity where new power models can be defined. 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

9. POWER MODELS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE FUTURE EVOLUTION Definition and integration of power models for TLM and AMS applications. signal-based power models switching activity power models table-based power models operator-based power models PKtool model library 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

10. POWER MODEL CHARACTERIZATION A power model can be conveniently characterized through two distinct components: - model formulation (computations, algorithmic steps,...) - model data Model data can be subdivided into two categories: - static data: data known a priori, available before the beginning of a simulation (example: technology parameters). - dynamic data : data available only during simulation, on the basis of the run-time evolution (example: signal activity). Model data are specified by means of different solutions, according to their nature. + power model data model formulation = + power model data model formulation = + power model data model formulation = power model model formulation model data = + 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

11. AUGMENTED SIGNALS PKtool components aimed to compute dynamic data related to signals ( I/O ports and internal nodes). Signals alternative to traditional signals, with additional capabilities for computing dynamic data. Instance task based on a simple type replacement of traditional signals (addition of the ending word “_aug” on the original type). Example of augmented signal instances sc_in in_port ; sc_in_aug in_port ; sc_unsigned addr ; sc_unsigned_aug addr; (original signals) (augmented signals) 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

12. SYSTEMC DESCRIPTION WITH POWER_MODULES power_module #1 power_module #4 power_module #3 power_module #2 POWER MODEL SELECTION Each power_module has to be associated to a power model of the PKtool model library. The association task is carried out via an interactive procedure, at the beginning of a simulation. PKTOOL MODEL LIBRARY power model #1 power model #2 power model #4 power model #3 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

13. PKTOOL SIMULATION FLUX A PKtool simulation takes place during an ordinary SystemC simulation of the system. The power estimations are referred to the system evolution reproduced in the SystemC simulation. power estimation Start of SystemC simulation End of SystemC simulation time PKtool simulation SystemC simulation dynamic data power model static data 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

14. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES WHERE PKTOOL HAS BEEN APPLIED POWER PERFORMANCES OF COMMUNICATION STANDARDS: BLUETOOTH WIRELESS PROTOCOL ZIGBEE WIRELESS PROTOCOL AMBA AHB BUS POWER-AWARE ARCHITECTURE EVALUATIONS DCT AND IDCT ALGORITHMS FOR H264/AVC STANDARD RETINEX ALGORITHMS FOR IMAGE PROCESSING 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble

15. SIMULATION SCENARIO CHANNEL BLUETOOTH MASTER BLUETOOTH SLAVE TESTBENCH (HCI LAYER) APPLICATION EXAMPLE ON THE PERFORMANCES OF BLUETOOTH COMMUNICATION APPLIED POWER MODEL E = energy dissipated V dd = power supply C eq = average gate capacitance N g = number of gates D = average commutations per gate

16. SOME ANALYSIS RESULTS Energy dissipated by the functional components in the network creation Energy dissipated in the transmission of different packet formats Transmitter components FEC_tx CRC_tx Data_tx FHS_tx Header_tx Sync_data_out Sync_data_in Receiver components Counter Access_code_rx Header_rx CRC_rx FEC_rx Arg_rx CounterCRC_rx Access code_rx Sync data_out FEC_rx FHS_tx others

17. PKTOOL REFERENCES ON THE WEB OFFICIAL WEB-SITE: http://www.deit.univpm.it/PKtool SOURCEFORGE SITE: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pktool 20. European SystemC User’s Group Meeting, December 1st, 2009, Grenoble