1. Pathologies of the ElbowBy
Stephanie Belsh
And
Bobbi Snow

3. Lateral Epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
Pathology
30 – 50 years old
Repetitive micro-trauma
Chronic tear in the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis lateral epicondyle
Muscle imbalance

4. Lateral Epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
Mechanism of Injury
Overuse syndrome caused by repeated forceful wrist and finger movements
Tennis players
Prolonged and rapid activities

5. Lateral Epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
Clinical Signs and Symptoms
Increased pain
Tenderness in palpation
Tests
Passive
Active
Lidocaine

6. Medial Epicondylitis (golfer’s elbow)
Pathology
years old
Repetitive micro trauma
Muscle imbalance

7. Medial Epicondylitis (golfer’s elbow)
Mechanisms of injury
Throwing a baseball
Racquetball or tennis
Swimming backstroke
Hitting a golf ball

8. Medial Epicondylitis (golfer’s elbow)
Clinical signs and symptoms
Increased pain
Tenderness on palpation
Tests
Passive
Active
Lidocaine

9. Lateral and Medial Epicondylitis
Common Treatments
Physical Therapy
Medical
Surgery
Injury prevention

10. Ulnar Neuritis Pathology Superficial position at the elbow
Excessive pressure in this area
30-60 years
Second most common entrapment neuropathy in the upper extremity

11. Ulnar Neuritis Mechanism of injury Repeated activities
Compression of the ulnar nerve
Fractures
Dislocation

12. Ulnar Neuritis Clinical signs and symptoms Local tenderness
R/O subluxation
Nerve conduction study/EMG
Sensory changes
Delayed injury onset

13. Ulnar Neuritis Common treatments Non-operative Surgical intervention
Preventions

14. Medial Overload Syndrome in Throwers
Pathology
Repetitive stress
Mechanism of injury
Pitching
Partial or complete avulsion of the medial apophysis
Articular cartilage and subchondral bone changes

16. Medial Overload Syndrome in Throwers
Mechanism of injury (continued)
Avulsion of the posterior olecranon epiphysis
Stress fracture
Ulnar nerve neuritis medially

17. Medial Overload Syndrome in Throwers
Clinical signs and symptoms
Persistent medial elbow soreness
Arm fatigue is the 1st indicator of impending injury
Medial tenderness
Elbow pain

18. Medial Overload Syndrome in Throwers
Common treatments
Non-operative
Surgical interventions
Prevention.

19. Pronator Tunnel Syndrome (proximal median nerve compression)
Pathology
Possible sights of compression
Between the humeral and Ulnar heads of Pronator Teres
Supracondylar process of the humerus
Lacertus fibrosus
Proximal edge of the flexor digitorum superficialis

20. Pronator Tunnel Syndrome (proximal median nerve compression)
Mechanism for injury
Women
Repetitive movements
Clinical Signs and Symptoms
Pain in the anterior forearm
Paresthesias or dysesthesias
Altered sensation
Tests

21. Pronator Tunnel Syndrome (proximal median nerve compression)
Common Treatments
Physical Therapy
Medical
Surgery
Injury prevention

22. Anterior Interosseus Nerve Syndrome
Pathology
Areas of possible compression
Between the head of the pronator teres
The proximal tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis
An accessory muscle

23. Anterior Interosseus Nerve Syndrome
Mechanism for Injury
Repetitive elbow flexion with forearm pronated
Spontaneously
Trauma or fractures
Clinical Signs and Symptoms
Pain
No sensory complaints or losses
Significant muscular weakness

24. Anterior Interosseus Nerve Syndrome
Common Treatments
Physical Therapy
Medical
Surgery
Injury prevention

25. Radial Tunnel syndrome
Pathology
Radial nerve compressed:
In the proximal radial tunnel
The tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis
The superficial part of the supinator tendon.
Mechanism of injury

26. Radial Tunnel syndrome
Clinical signs and symptoms
Pain and discomfort
Sensory changes
Low dexterity in finger extension
Resistive tests
Common treatments
Prevention

27. Posterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome
Pathology
Compression or entrapment of the nerve
Mechanism of injury
Repetitive motion
Clinical signs and symptoms
Pain

28. Posterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome
Clinical signs and symptoms (cont.)
Loss of active extension
Tenderness
Weakness
Common treatments
Prevention

29. The End