1. On the velocity structure in clumpy planetary nebulae Café de grano o soluble: Micro-estructuras en nebulosas planetarias Wolfgang Steffen Alberto López Instituto de Astronomía UNAM, Ensenada MyPN 5

2. Observations: Velocities of clumps up to > 500 km/s Linear velocity gradients for clumps and jets at large distances from the CS High speed tails up to ~ 200 km/s Theory: Magnetic “jets” (García-Segura 1999) & Stagnation knots (Steffen, W. 2001) show linear v-gradients This paper: Quasi-spherical clump distribution from instabilities and clumpy AGB-remnant overrun by fast post AGB-wind NGC 2440

3. Abell 30 Borkowski et al. 1995 Chu et al. 1997 (X-Ray) Borkowski et al. 1995

4. Images and velocities of fast head-tail structures Abell 78 Meaburn et al. 1998

5. Images and velocities of very fast symmetric FLIERs MyCn18, O’Connor, Meaburn et al.

6. García-Segura et al. 1999

7. Steffen, W., et al. 2001 Stagnation knots

8. Steffen & López in prep. Fast stellar wind in 1 / r^2 environment (AGB-wind) Dynamical instabilities conv. shocks Thermal instabilities shock before cooling

9. Clumps due to dynamical and thermal instabilities Distance [units 1e15 cm] Velocity [cm/s]

10. Steffen & López, in prep. Fast stellar wind and pre-existing clumps log number density

11. density distribution Shock acceleration of clouds Speed of cloud after shock wind ambient medium

12. Steffen & López, in prep. Simplified equation of motion Continuous wind acceleration of clouds Terminal velocity not equal local wind velocity v c = F ( v i,  r, v co, r o ) Clump velocity v c_inf = G ( v i,  v co, r o ) For large times evolution becomes self-similar.

13. Velocity vs. distance evolution for 2 different clump densities Low density High density

14. Velocity vs. distance for different densities of clouds for fixed time self-similar (low density) not self-similar (high density)

15. Velocity vs. distance scatter plot pre-existing clouds distance [cells] Velocity 200 km/s 1000 km/s high density low density colour is log density

16. Velocity vs. distance scatter plot pre-existing clouds distance [cells] Velocity [cm/s] model low density tails (not modeled) colour is log density

17. Velocity vs. Density scatter plot log density [1/ccm] Velocity 200 km/s 1000 km/s pre-existing clouds instability clouds

18. Velocity spikes from tails of dense clumps Distance [units 1e15 cm] Velocity [cm/s]

19. MyPN 3 Conclusions: Velocity stratification with density Initial shocked clump velocity ~ 1/r Linear velocity gradient for large r Multi-valued velocities at small r and high densities Velocity structure from instability clumps & pre-existing clumps is very different More velocity and density diagnostics needed

20. MyPN 5

22. Preexisting clumps and due to thermal instabilities Distance [units 1e15 cm] Velocity [cm/s]