1. CS 61C L43 Performance II (1) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Lecturer PSOE Dan Garcia www.cs.berkeley.edu/~ddgarcia inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c CS61C : Machine Structures Lecture 44 – Summary & Goodbye 2004-05-10 Sasser worm author arrested  German high school student Microsoft worked with German authorities, the FBI & Secret Service agents, tracing the virus by analyzing the source code. www.cnn.com/2004/TECH/internet/05/08/sasser.arrest.ap

2. CS 61C L43 Performance II (2) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Cool Stuff…the videos before lecture SIGGRAPH Electronic Theatre www.siggraph.org/publications/video-review/SVR.html $40/video for ACM Members SIGGRAPH Conference in LA! 8/8-12 www.siggraph.org/s2004/

3. CS 61C L43 Performance II (3) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Review Benchmarks Attempt to predict performance Updated every few years Measure everything from simulation of desktop graphics programs to battery life Megahertz Myth MHz ≠ performance, it’s just one factor It’s non-trivial to try to help people in developing countries with technology Viruses/worms have damaging potential the likes of which we can only imagine.

4. CS 61C L43 Performance II (4) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Outline Administrivia & Class Feedback Quick review (big review next week) What’s This Stuff Good For? Peer Instruction Acknowledge T.A.s and Readers Sendoff HKN Evaluation

5. CS 61C L43 Performance II (5) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Administrivia (1/2) : Final Exam & Review Final Exam: Sat. 2004-05-22, 12:30-3:30pm 2050 VLSB (here) Only bring two 8.5”x11” handwritten pieces of paper. Leave your backpacks, books, calculators, cells & pagers home! Final Exam Review 2004-05-20 8:30pm-11pm location TBA Bring questions! We’ll go over practice final given today

6. CS 61C L43 Performance II (6) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Administrivia (2/2) : Join us! If you did well in CS3 or 61{A,B,C} (A- or above) and want to be on staff? Usual path: Lab assistant  Reader  TA Fill in form outside 367 Soda before first week of semester… I (Dan) strongly encourage anyone who gets an A- or above in the class to follow this path… I’ll be teaching 61C Fa04, Sp05!

7. CS 61C L43 Performance II (7) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Class feedback [N=174]: Attendance Lecture attendance before midterm? 3% Never, 4% rarely, 24% often, 68% always Lecture attendance after midterm? 5% Never, 9% rarely, 34% often, 51% always Watched the lecture from… 81% Wheeler, 6% Webcast live, 10% later Why? Burnout…

8. CS 61C L43 Performance II (8) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Class Feedback: Reading Quizzes Reading quizzes? 8% Don’t do either, 9% do reading not quiz, 20% do quiz not reading, 64% do both Should we do reading quizzes in future? 11% Drop, 78% Keep, 9% Required

9. CS 61C L43 Performance II (9) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Class Feedback : Faux Midterms Faux midterm 1 2% didn’t take Faux 1, 97% Did Faux midterm 1 useful? 0.6% Totally useless, 30.5% marginally useful, 46.6% found it useful Faux midterm 2 8.6% didn’t take Faux 1, 88.5% Did Faux midterm 2 useful? 2.3% Totally useless, 33.8% marginally useful, 57.5% found it useful Keep faux midterms or make ‘em count? 82% keep, 15.5% make ‘em count

10. CS 61C L43 Performance II (10) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Class Feedback: Projects and labs Difficulty, Relevance -----------------------------------------+-----+-----+ Project 1. - Lisp interpreter |6.6 |6.3 | -----------------------------------------+-----+-----+ Project 2. - sprintf in MIPS |6.5 |7.2 | -----------------------------------------+-----+-----+ Project 3. - exception/interrupt handler |5.5 |7.5 | -----------------------------------------+-----+-----+ Project 4. - Single Cycle CPU in Verilog |4.8 |7.8 | -----------------------------------------+-----+-----+ Project 5. - MIPS Simulator with Cache. |3.8 |3.5 | -----------------------------------------+-----+-----+ Most Favorite lab? 11 (24%) 1 (16%) 9 (15%) (Hello World, Interrupts, Verilog Adder) Least Favorite lab? 6 (22%) 3 (15%) 12 (9%) (Floating point, Memory maps, sequential logic)

11. CS 61C L43 Performance II (11) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB CS61C: So what's in it for me? (1 st lecture) Learn some of the big ideas in CS & engineering: 5 Classic components of a Computer Principle of abstraction, systems built as layers Data can be anything (integers, floating point, characters): a program determines what it is Stored program concept: instructions just data Compilation v. interpretation thru system layers Principle of Locality, exploited via a memory hierarchy (cache) Greater performance by exploiting parallelism (pipelining) Principles/Pitfalls of Performance Measurement

12. CS 61C L43 Performance II (12) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Rapid Change AND Little Change Continued Rapid Improvement in Computing 2X every 1.5 years (10X/5yrs, 1000X/15yrs) Processor speed, Memory size: Moore’s Law as enabler (2X transistors/chip/1.5 yrs); Disk capacity too (not Moore’s Law) Caches, Pipelining, Branch Prediction,... 5 classic components of all computers 1. Control 2. Datapath 3. Memory 4. Input 5. Output } Processor (or CPU)

13. CS 61C L43 Performance II (13) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Technology in the News CompactFlash Many companies sell 4 GigaByte cards Fastest growing area? 8 GB available now $4,500 from Pretec 12 GB coming soon! $10,000 !! Flash card or Plasma TV? www.pretec.com/PR/PR_12GB%20CF_CeBIT2004.pdf 12

14. CS 61C L43 Performance II (14) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB What’s this stuff good for? (1/3) Allows for computer-controlled custom corneal surgery It’s not there yet (imho) The potential is there for adaptive optics and hyperacuity (> 20/20) Complications: http://www.surgicaleyes.org/

15. CS 61C L43 Performance II (15) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB What’s this stuff good for? (2/3)

16. CS 61C L43 Performance II (16) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB What’s this stuff good for? (3/3) Toto, #1 Toilet maker in Japan, charges $4,000 for high-tech toilets. Microprocessor-control Heated seat Bidet (temp & pressure) Hot air, perfume Rear-end washer Noisemaker to mask sounds Clock, Remote control Auto-urinalysis, contacts your doctor http://www.theplumber.com/japan.html

17. CS 61C L43 Performance II (17) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Peer Instruction Strong or Weak AI? Strong AI: Machines that act intelligently have real, conscious minds. Weak AI: Machines can be made to act as if they were intelligent. In the future, what’ll be the most important computer component? Strong AI 1: Control 2: Datapath 3: Memory 4: Input 5: Output Weak AI 6: Control 7: Datapath 8: Memory 9: Input 0: Output Processor Computer Control (“brain”) Datapath (“brawn”) Memory (where programs, data live when running) Devices Input Output

18. CS 61C L43 Performance II (18) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Peer Instruction Answer www.popsci.com/popsci/medicine/article/0,12543,576464,00.html A macaque monkey at Duke University can already control a robotic arm with thought. DARPA is extremely interested in the technology for mind-control robots & flying Virtual Reality could be achieved with proper I/O interfacing… “Forget cloning. Forget TVs on your wrist watch. The biggest invention of the next 100 years will be the ability to directly connect your brain to a machine. – Dan Garcia

19. CS 61C L43 Performance II (19) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB Penultimate slide: Thanks to the staff! TAs Jeremy Huddleston (Head TA) Paul Burstein José María González Alexandre Joly Roy Wang Readers Manan Gosalia Nemanja Isailovic Steven Kusalo Mark Whitney

20. CS 61C L43 Performance II (20) Garcia, Spring 2004 © UCB The Future for Future Cal Alumni What’s The Future? New Millennium Internet, Wireless, Nanotechnology,... Rapid Changes in Technology World’s Best Education Never Give Up! Exercise your right to vote! “The best way to predict the future is to invent it” – Alan Kay Future is up to you!