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Sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 1/24 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Laboratório de Eletrônica de Potência – LEPUC ACTIVE SHUNT FILTER.

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Presentation on theme: "Sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 1/24 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Laboratório de Eletrônica de Potência – LEPUC ACTIVE SHUNT FILTER."— Presentation transcript:

1 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 1/24 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Laboratório de Eletrônica de Potência – LEPUC ACTIVE SHUNT FILTER FOR HARMONIC MITIGATION IN WIND TURBINES GENERATORS FILTRO ATIVO PARALELO PARA MITIGAÇÃO DE CORRENTES HARMÔNICAS EM GERADORES DE TURBINAS EÓLICAS Reinaldo Tonkoski Jr., Fernando Soares dos Reis, Jorge Villar Alé and Fabiano Daher Adegas; Syed Islam and Kelvin Tan,

2 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 2/24 Table of Contents  INTRODUCTION  OBJECTIVE  WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM  ACTIVE SHUNT FILTER  POWER LOSSES  SIMULATION RESULTS  CONCLUSIONS

3 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 3/24 INTRODUCTION -Wind power is the most rapidly- growing means of electricity generation at the turn of the 21 st century. Global installed capacity has raised 20% in 2004; -Direct-driven wind turbine: multi- pole permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and three-phase bridge rectifier with a bulky capacitor;

4 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 4/24 INTRODUCTION -Non-linear characteristic: harmonic current content flows into the PMSG; -Increase PMSG losses and temperature;

5 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 5/24 OBJECTIVE - Analysis and simulation of an active shunt filter (ASF) for harmonic mitigation in wind turbines generators. - Analysis and simulation of an active shunt filter (ASF) for harmonic mitigation in wind turbines generators.

6 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 6/24 WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM (WECS) Dynamic Model: Variable-speed, direct driven wind turbine.

7 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 7/24 PMSG WAVEFORMS - BRIDGE RECTIFIER WITH BULKY CAPACITOR (NO ASF) WECS full load condition – 12 m/s (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, RL=6.5 Ω, V L =360 V) PMSG output currents and line to line voltage div. by 4.

8 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 8/24 PMSG HARMONICS - BRIDGE RECTIFIER WITH BULKY CAPACITOR (NO ASF) WECS full load condition – wind speed 12 m/s (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, R L =6.5 Ω, V L =360 V) Phase Current Line Voltage

9 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 9/24 3-PHASE ACTIVE SHUNT FILTER Control filter current to actively shape the source current is into the sinusoid.

10 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 10/24 d-q Synchronous Reference Frame ASF CONTROL CIRCUITS Calculate harmonic currents; Regulate voltage on the capacitor C DC. REFERENCE CURRENTS

11 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 11/24 ASF CONTROL CIRCUITS Low-Pass Filter θ SRF by mechanical angular speed ω m REFERENCE CURRENTS d-q Synchronous Reference Frame

12 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 12/24 ASF CONTROL CIRCUITS Control current i F in order to inject the calculated reference currents. CURRENT CONTROL BY PWM CARRIER STRATEGY

13 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 13/24 ASF PASSIVE POWER COMPONENTES DESIGN Maximum slope of load current i NL Maximum accepted voltage ripple Δv DCmax L F, C DC and C can be adjusted based on simulation results. LC filter cutoff frequency

14 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 14/24 POWER LOSSES CALCULATION PMSG Losses ASF Losses Bridge Rectifier Copper Core Power Losses Passive IGBT Diode

15 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 15/24 SIMULATION PARAMETERS ParameterDescriptionValue LFLF Inductor Filter1.5mH CCapacitor Filter 3.9  F f PWM PWM Carrier Frequency20 kHz C DC ASF DC Capacitor 10000  F v DC ASF DC Voltage500 V C link Rectifier Bridge Link Capacitor 5000  F R load Resistance Load6.5 Ω DTurbine Rotor Diameter10 m JTurbine Inertia1500 kg.m 2 BFriction Coefficient20 N s/rad LdLd PMSG d-axis Inductance5.24 mH LqLq PMSG q-axis Inductance5.24 mH RARA PMSG Stator Resistance0.432 Ω WECS Dynamic Model Implemented on Software PSIM ® 20 kW

16 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 16/24 SIMULATION RESULTS WECS full load condition – 12 m/s wind speed (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, R L =6.5 Ω, V L =360 V)

17 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 17/24 SIMULATION RESULTS WECS full load condition – 12 m/s wind speed (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, R L =6.5 Ω, V L =360 V)

18 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 18/24 SIMULATION RESULTS WECS full load condition – 12 m/s wind speed (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, R L =6.5 Ω, V L =360 V) THD=2.60 % Phase Current

19 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 19/24 SIMULATION RESULTS WECS full load condition – 12 m/s wind speed (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, R L =6.5 Ω, V L =360 V) Line Voltage THD=20.77 %

20 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 20/24 SIMULATION RESULTS WECS full load condition – 12 m/s wind speed (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, R L =6.5 Ω, V L =360 V) Topology Copper Losses (W) Core Losses (W) Friction & Windage (W) Total (W) η (%) BR2318.93180.821202619.7588.42 ASF2790.24150.731203060.9786.73 IGBT Losses (W) L F Losses (W) C Losses (W) C DC Losses (W) Total (W) 199.44284.660.2166116.00600.33 PMSG Losses ASF Losses

21 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 21/24 SIMULATION RESULTS WECS full load condition – 12 m/s wind speed (20 kW resistive load, C link =5000uF, R L =6.5 Ω, V L =360 V) Topology PMSG Total (W) ASF Total (W) Rectifier Total (W) Efficiency (%) BR2619.75095.1688.05 ASF3199.92603.03211.8284.74 TopologyAerodynamical (%) Electrical (%) Overall (%) BR43.2688.0538.09 ASF43.8884.7437.18 Electrical Losses WECS Efficiency

22 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 22/24 CONCLUSIONS  The use of active shunt filter in wind energy generation systems for harmonic mitigation was analyzed and computationally simulated.  The ASF is able to mitigate harmonic content of current that flows on the permanent magnet synchronous generator.  A capacitor bank filter was used to suppress high-switching frequency voltage component generated by the ASF on generator terminals.

23 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 23/24 CONCLUSIONS  The d-q SRF synchronization using the angular rotor speed had worked, and its physical implementation using sensors must be investigated.  The ASF could diminish voltage core losses. Although, PMSG efficiency is lower because copper losses are higher when using ASF.  Overall wind energy conversion system efficiency is lower as well, so the use of ASF could be justified if only the PMSG generator could have a larger life cycle.

24 sexta-feira, 7 de abril de 2006 24/24 Obrigado!

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