1. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch 1994-2001: The Fragility of e Learning Pierre Dillenbourg TECFA University of Geneva

2. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch You are not the only one to face problems Analysing breakdowns is a good heuristic Teachers: Researchers:

3. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Teacher's role

4. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Loss of "time habits" Confusion between flexibility and workload How do we count time for students? How do we count time for teachers? Time is our bottleneck (more than bandwidth)

5. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Balance knowledge magagement & pedagogical diversity

6. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Is the Web constructivist?

7. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text To much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much Too much text Too much text Too text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text much text Too much text Too much text Too text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text oo much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too muh text Too much text much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much txt Too much text Too much textToo much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much ext Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too uch text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text text Toomuch text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much txt Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text oo much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too mch text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too uch text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much ext Too much text Too much text Too much text Too muc text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Toomuch text Too much text Too much text Toomuch textToo much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text Too much text

8. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Constructivism versus Learner Control Deep versus shallow interactivity >> Innovative situations are fragile

9. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Example 1(TECFA Virtual Campus): Goal: Discover common mistakes in writing multiple choice questionnaires

10. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch

12. This is not scientific research, just teacher experience, but raise interesting issues eLearning is not more fragile, but, in case of problems, adaptation is more difficult

13. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Example 2 (TECFA Virtual Campus): Goal: Discover relationship between learning theorie and families of educational software

14. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.chArgueGraphPhase1

15. ArgueGraph Phase 2

16. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.chArgueGraph Phase 3

17. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch Design choices Immediate FB Delayed FB Microworld FB Theories Behavioursim Constructivism MetacognitionArgueGraph Phase 4

18. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) Reformulation Justification Solo57 % 43 % Duo15 % 85 %

19. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch AcceptCondition Discard No Conflict28 13 Conflict23 111 "We answer 3 because motivation is important" "We answer 3 because motivation is important" "We choose 3 because 2 does not work" "We choose 3 because 2 does not work" ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) "We answer 2 if the learner is a child but we answer 3 for adult learners" "We answer 2 if the learner is a child but we answer 3 for adult learners"

20. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch NewUnion Victory No Conflict6 1610 Conflict14 813 X 2 =6.2, p<.05) ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) Arg(AB) <> Arg(A) & Arg(AB) <> Arg(B) Arg(AB) <> Arg(A) & Arg(AB) <> Arg(B) Arg(AB) =Arg(A) or Arg(AB) =Arg(B ) Arg(AB) =Arg(A) or Arg(AB) =Arg(B ) Arg(AB)=Arg(A) U Arg(B )

21. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch New version of ArgueGraph

22. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch What's the problem with exp 4 ? pseudo-task debriefing Coffee-break 1 week Exp 1-3 Exp 4 pseudo-task

23. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch You are not the only one to face problems Analysing breakdowns is a good heuristic 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Problems shake routine Time-sensitive dynamics of self-representation and group representations Time-sensitive dynamics of self-representation and group representations

24. Pierre.Dillenbourg@tecfa.unige.ch European Conference on Computer-Supported Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Maastricht March 22-24, 2001