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Atmosphere Carrie Vollmer Topic 2161
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Troposphere 10 miles (5-16 km) where we live Contains: Nitrogen – 78% Oxygen – 21% Almost all water vapor Decreasing temperature/pressure Air expands under less pressure As air expands it cools Thinnest at the poles - 5 Km
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Why is the sky blue? Oxygen redirects sunlight High frequency blue light is scattered first Brightest between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. 45 degrees above the horizon Oxygen redirects sunlight High frequency blue light is scattered first Brightest between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. 45 degrees above the horizon
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Why is the sky red at dusk? Light goes through more atmosphere Most short wavelength scattered out Only long wavelength reaches our eyes Red has the longest wavelength
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Stratosphere 30 miles (50 Km) above the Earth Ozone in the upper regions Protects from UV light CFC’s (Chlorofluorocarbons) reduce the amount of atmosphere
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What causes Ozone depletion? CFC’s (Chlorofluorocarbons) Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) Vehicles Industries Lead Nitrogen Oxide (NO x ) Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 )
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Mesosphere Temperature decreases with height 80 Km above the Earth
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Thermosphere 120 Km above the Earth Absorbs ultraviolet and X-ray radiation from the sun Above 80 km is called the ionosphere Knocks off electrons, producing ions Reflects and absorbs radio waves
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Exosphere 500 km above the Earth Made of oxygen and hydrogen atoms Rarely collide Some escape into space
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Magnetosphere Earth acts like a huge magnet Two bands of electrons (-) and protons (+) 3,000 km and 16,000 km above Van Allen radiation belts
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