1. Singapore Field Investigation

2. History and Location Located in Southeastern Asia between Malaysia and Indonesia Founded as a British trading Colony in 1819 Gained Independence from the Malaysian Federation on August 9 th, 1965 Population of approx. 4, 492, 150 Ethnicities –Chinese 76.8% –Malay 13.9% –India 7.9% –Other 1.4%

3. Religious History Both Buddhism and Hinduism were introduced in the 4 th century by Indian traders Along with Indonesia and Malaya, Arabs brought Islam in the 8 th and 9 th century –Because the Muslims intermarried and integrated with the people, Islam spread quickly –It was to this Muslim religious environment that the first Christian missionaries came

4. Christian History Christianity first came in the 16 th century –This occurred through Portuguese and Dutch trade associations in Malaya –The first Christian influence in Singapore was peripheral, taking a side seat to trade –Religious conflict between the Catholic Portuguese and Protestant Dutch further frustrated Christian evangelistic efforts

5. British Church History Direct missionary efforts occurred with the British in the 19 th century This was done through the London Missionary Society

6. What Went Wrong Most early “churches were neither indigenous nor independent” Church initiatives were largely clergy driven The languages barrier impeded outreach The church has historically ignored the middle-tier of the cosmic continuum

7. The People 1.Religious Disposition 1.Buddhist 42.5% 2.Muslim 14.9% 3.Taoist 8.5% 4.Hindu 4% 5.Catholic 4.8% 6.Non-Catholic 9.8% 7.Other 9.8% 2.Language 1.Mandarin 35% 2.English 23% 3.Malay 14.1% 4.Hokkien 11.4% 5.Cantonese 5.7% 6.Teochew 4.9% 7.Tamil 3.2%

8. Churches of Christ Less than 15% of the total population is Christian –In a city of nearly 5 million, there are less than 15 churches of Christ –There is still much work to do

9. Learning from the Past In the past, missionaries gave little attention to integration –Singeporeans are a proud people with an impressive socio-cultural tradition –Missionaries must give much attention to acculturation and integration –Language studies will play an important role in this effort –More missionaries must be sent with the prayers of the saints

10. Why Should We Go? We serve a God of the Nations (Amos 1-2) We serve a God whose concern is for the nations (Gen. 12:1-3) We’ve been called out of this concern for the nations (Matt. 28:18-20) We’ve received this call, We must go!

11. Bibliography Hinton, Keith William. “An Analytical Study of Church Growth Factors in Singapore with a View to Strategizing.” ThM. diss., Fuller Theological Seminary, 1984. Phoon, W. O. “Malaysia-Singapore.” In The Church in Asia, ed. Donald E. Hoke, 411-33. Chicago: Moody Press, 1975