1. The American Revolution (1776-1781) By Ph.D. Hilda Torres Beltrán

2. Class Objectives  The significance of some events for the American culture and traditions.  The English vocabulary, related to the social sciences, specifically to US history.  Academic discourse : The work with famous quotations and the use of summaries and of cause and effect in writing.

3. Class contents  Socio-economic set up of the USA in the 18th century: Causes of the American Revolution  Characterization of the Revolution. Its Significance.  Benjamin Franklyn: a man of his time.

4. Politically correct language Use of new terms that avoid traditionally discriminatory language practices.(i.e. racist, sexist terms ) Minorities : Native Americans, Afro Americans, Hispanics or Latinos, Asian Americans, etc. People with disabilities: mentally or physically challenged. Looks: overweight, slim/slender. Age: senior citizen

6. Compare the colonization of the 13 colonies of North America with the colonization of Cuba Cuba Cuba 13 colonies Colonizing power Spain Spain Date of colonization 1492 1492 Type of colony settlement settlement socio-economic system of colonizers feudalism feudalism religion Catholicism Catholicism Treatment of native people genocide genocide

7. Answer Cuba Cuba 13 colonies Colonizing power Spain Spain England England Date 1492 1492 1620 1620 Type of colony settlement settlement socio-economic system of colonizers feudalism feudalism capitalism capitalism religion Catholicism Catholicism Puritanism Puritanism Treatment of native people genocide genocide Genocide and displacement.

8. Fill in the blanks to complete this sentence. But first, read the phrases below to determine which is the cause and which is the effect. Due to/ Because of ______________________ (cause) (cause) ________________________ of the Metropolis, the colonists ___________________________ (effect) (effect) decided to struggle/fight for independence the social, political, and economic abuses/restrictions

9. Answer: Because of the social, political, and economic abuses/restrictions of the Metropolis, the colonists decided to struggle/fight for independence. Because of the social, political, and economic abuses/restrictions of the Metropolis, the colonists decided to struggle/fight for independence. Due to the social, political, and economic abuses/restrictions of the Metropolis, the colonists decided to struggle/fight for independence. Due to the social, political, and economic abuses/restrictions of the Metropolis, the colonists decided to struggle/fight for independence.

10. Declaration of Independence ( quotation) “ We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights: that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness ”.

11. George Washington Thomas Jefferson George Washington Thomas Jefferson

12. Enlightenment The 18th-century American Enlightenment was a movement marked by an emphasis on rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of monarchy. Enlightenment thinkers and writers were devoted to the ideals of justice, liberty, and equality as the natural rights of man.

13. Proverbs (from Poor Richard Almanac) 1.“A word to the wise is enough.” 2. “Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.” 3. “Diligence is the Mother of Good Luck” 4. “What maintains one vice, would bring up two Children” 5. “A little neglect may breed great mischief.” 6.‘Beware of little expenses; a small leak will sink a great ship.’

14. Try to match the English and Spanish equivalents of some of these proverbs. A. “Quilito a quilito se llega a un peso” B. “La suerte es loca y a cualquiera le toca.” C. “A quien madruga, Dios lo ayuda.” D. “El vicio crece como la mala hierba.” E. “Los errores cuestan caros” F. “A buen entendedor, pocas palabras.”

15. Answers 1.“A word to the wise is enough.” F. “A buen entendedor, pocas palabras.” 2. “Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.” C. “A quien madruga, Dios lo ayuda.” 3. “Diligence is the Mother of Good Luck” 4. “What maintains one vice, would bring up two Children” D. “El vicio crece como la mala hierba.” 5. “A little neglect may breed great mischief.” E. E.“Los errores cuestan caros” 6.‘Beware of little expenses; a small leak will sink a great ship.’ A. “Quilito a quilito se llega a un peso.”

16. Find equivalent /opposite proverbs in English for the following Cuban proverbs.  “ “En la unión está la fuerza.”  “Los hechos valen más que las palabras.”  “ Quien siembra viento recoge tempestades“  “Los amigos no están sólo para reírse.”  “Nunca es tarde para aprender.”

17. Answers “En la unión está la fuerza.” “En la unión está la fuerza.” “Many hands make light work.” “Many hands make light work.” “United we stand, divided we fall” “United we stand, divided we fall” “Los hechos valen más que las palabras.” “Los hechos valen más que las palabras.” “Actions speak louder than words.” “Actions speak louder than words.” “Quien siembra viento recoge tempestades.” “Quien siembra viento recoge tempestades.” “As you make your bed, so you must lie.” “As you make your bed, so you must lie.” “Los amigos no están sólo para reírse.” “Los amigos no están sólo para reírse.” “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” “Nunca es tarde para aprender.” “Nunca es tarde para aprender.” “It is never too late to learn” “It is never too late to learn”