1. Las cláusulas adverbiales Español IV

2. Adverbial Clauses (en inglés) Adverbial clauses are clauses that act like adverbs. In other words, they add information about the action or event described in the independent clause.

3. Adverbial Clauses (en inglés) timeplace mannerfrequency durationreason causecondition

4. Adverbial Clauses (en inglés) Adverbial clauses modify the verb in the main clause by indicating how, when, for what purposes, and under what circumstances the action of the main clause takes place.

5. ALWAYS Take Subjunctive These clauses tell why and under what circumstances. a fin de quein order that a menos queunless antes (de) quebefore con tal de queprovided (that) en caso de quein case para quefor + subject + infinitive, so (that) sin quewithout + subject + gerund, unless

6. ALWAYS Take the Subjunctive In order to use the subjunctive you must have a change in subject. If there is no change of subject, leave out the que and use the infinitive. ◦La alcaldesa ha desarrollado un plan para que los jóvenes puedan encontrar empleo. ◦La alcaldesa ha desarrollado un plan para ayudar a los jóvenes.

7. Almost Always Take Indicative These clauses typically refer to an action that has already occurred. desde que(ever) since así que, conque, de ahí queso, as a result, thus a pesar de quein spite of the fact si bienwhile, although porquebecause puesto que, ya quesince, because por sijust in case dado quegiven that

8. Indicative or Subjunctive cuandowhen después de queafter en cuantoas soon as hasta queuntil tan pronto comoas soon as aunqueeven though, although, even if mientrasWhile, meanwhile

9. Indicative or Subjunctive Use the subjunctive if the adverbial clause refers to to a future action or situation. Special note: Aunque with subjunctive means although or even if. Use it to refer to things that may or may not be true or that may or may not have happened.

10. Indicative or Subjunctive Use the indicative if the adverbial clause refers to a habitual or a completed action. Typically the independent verb will be in the preterite, the imperfect, or the present tense. Special note: Aunque with the indicative means even though. It refers to things that you know are true or that you know have happened.

11. Indicative or Subjunctive Aunque te graduaste, igual tienes que esforzarte para conseguir trabajo. ◦Even though you graduated, just the same you have to make an effort to find a job. Why indicative? ◦You have already graduated.

12. Indicative or Subjunctive Aunque te gradúes, igual tienes que esforzarte para conseguir trabajo. ◦Even if you graduate, just the same you have to make an effort to find a job. Why subjunctive? ◦You have not graduated yet.