1. Jazlynn Tan (11) Blood pressure

2. What is high blood pressure? causes heart to work harder than normal heart and arteries at greater risk of damage. increases the risk of heart diseases exists where the pressure at which blood is pushing against blood vessel walls is consistently above average. Blood pressure changes throughout the day. increases during exercise decreases during sleep. If left untreated can cause heart to become abnormally large and less efficient (ventricular hypertrophy) causing heart failure

3. Symptoms of high blood pressure can cause headaches, dizziness and problems with vision, majority of people suffer no symptoms at all. Therefore, many people with hypertension remain undiagnosed because they have no symptoms to go for a check-up

4. Causes of high blood pressure If untreated and combined with obesity, smoking, high blood cholesterol levels, risk of heart attack is several times higher. Arteries also suffer the effects of high blood pressure, becoming scarred, hardened and less elastic. hardening of arteries occurs with age high blood pressure accelerates the process. unable to supply an adequate amount of blood, organs cannot work effectively. a blood clot may lodge in an artery which is already narrowed blocking blood supply.

5. measurement The doctor measures the maximum pressure (systolic) and the lowest pressure (diastolic) The systolic pressure is the maximum pressure in an artery at the moment when the heart is beating and pumping blood through the body. The diastolic pressure is the lowest pressure in an artery in the moments between beats when the heart is resting. Both measurements are important – if either one is raised, it means you have high blood pressure.

6. Pacemakers A pacemaker is a small device that's placed in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heart rhythms. This device uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. Used to treat problems dealing with the rate and rhythm of the heart

7. Types Single-chamber pacemakers carry electrical pulses from the generator to the right ventricle of the heart. Dual-chamber pacemakers carry electrical pulses from the generator to both the right ventricle and right atrium of the heart. coordinate the timing of the right ventricle and right atrium contractions. Biventricular pacemakers Has an additional device which delivers electrical pulses from the generator to the right atrium, right ventricle and left ventricle

8. Video http://video.about.com/highbloodpressure/Blood- Pressure.htm

9. References http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/physical_health/conditions/i n_depth/heart/hypertension1.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/physical_health/conditions/i n_depth/heart/hypertension1.shtml http://health.howstuffworks.com/medicine/modern- technology/how-does-a-pacemaker-work.htm http://health.howstuffworks.com/medicine/modern- technology/how-does-a-pacemaker-work.htm http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/hu man-biology/blood.htm http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/hu man-biology/blood.htm http://emedtravel.wordpress.com/2012/04/03/understan ding-pacemakers-part-2-of-5/ http://emedtravel.wordpress.com/2012/04/03/understan ding-pacemakers-part-2-of-5/ http://hoardingwoes.wordpress.com/2012/02/04/pacema kers-sustained-life-during-hospice/ http://hoardingwoes.wordpress.com/2012/02/04/pacema kers-sustained-life-during-hospice/ http://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/about.htm

10. For you kind attention THANK YOU!