1. Plant Science

2. Germination What is a seed Requirements for germination
How does a seed germinate
Parts and Function of Monocot Seed
Parts and Function of Dicot seed
Process of germination and emergence

3. What is a seed?
Important for food production

4. A Seed is
Young embryonic plant in a dormant or resting stage with a supply of food and 1 or more seed coats.

5. Three Basic Parts of Seed
Embryo
2. Food Supply
3. Ovary wall or seed coat

6. Requirements for Germination
Favorable Temperatures
Sufficient Moisture
Air (Oxygen)
Presence or absence of light

7. Seed Germination Absorption of Water Absorbs 35-100 % of their weight
Causes seed coat to swell

8. Seed Germination
2. Seed Proteins are activated, which activates the enzyme system a. Stimulates enzyme system b. Requires more moisture and oxygen

9. Seed Germination 3. Seed root (radical) emerges.
a. Anchors root to soil

10. Seed Germination
4. Seed’s plumule or embryonic shoot begins to emerge. a. Shoot will push its way up through soil to the sunlight

11. Seed Germination
5. Leaves Form and food production via photosynthesis starts.

12. Monocot Seed Parts: Seed coat Endosperm Embryo Cotyledon Epicotyl
Hypocotyl
Radicle

13. Monocot Seed
Seed Coat- tissue surrounding the embryo, protects the inner parts

14. Monocot Seed
Endosperm- source of starch or energy (food) until germination is complete

15. Monocot Seed
Embryo- contains cotyledon, which breaks down the starch in the endosperm to provide food for the embryo

16. Monocot Seed
Epicotyl- shoot above the cotyledon

17. Monocot Seed
Hypocotyle- stem below cotyledon

18. Monocot Seed Radicle- develops into primary root of the plant.
Absorbs water during germination
Radicle dies after permanent roots form

19. Monocot Seed

20. Dicot Seed
Seed Coat
Embryo
Two cotyledons
Epicotyl
Hypocotyl
Radicle

21. Dicot Seed
Seed Coat- protection

22. Dicot Seed Embryo- miniature plant containing: Two cotyledons Epicotyl
Hypocotyl
Radicle

23. Dicot Seed
Two Cotyldons- seed leaves, food storage

24. Dicot Seed
Epicotyl- first true leaves, shoot, and everything above the cotyledon

25. Dicot Seed
Hypocotyl- first true stem between root and first node of the stem, pulls the seed upward

26. Dicot Seed
Radicle- forms the root system; absorbs water

27. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed
Seed Swells

28. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed
2. Radicle grows down

29. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed
3. First internode and epicotyl grow up

30. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed
4. After epicotyl emerges new leaves form and food production starts

31. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed
5. New root system develops above the first internode just beneath the soil

32. Germination and Emergence : Monocot Seed
6. Temporary root system ceases to function and dies

33. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed
1. Seed swell

34. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed
2. Radicle grows down

35. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed
3. Hypocotyle elongates
Forms an arch that breaks soil surface

36. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed
4. Hypocotyl reaches light, elongation ceases and hypocotyl straightens up pulling cotyledons out of soil

37. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed
5. Cotyledons turn green and manufacture food until new leaves develop

38. Germination and Emergence : Dicot Seed
6. As new leaves develop, the cotyledons die, dry up, and fall off