1. Respiratory System Tori Neville, Julia Gagosian, Laurel Hennessee

2. How Does Air get into the Lungs? - Air can be taken in through the nose or mouth. When taken through the nose the mucus warms and moistens the air and the hairs clean the air free of dust and particles. - Next it passes through the pharynx and the entrance to the larynx, or the voice box. - Lastly, the air travels through the Trachea, or windpipe, which branches into two airways (bronchi) one leading the right lung the other to the left lung.

3. Main Lung Structure The Trachea splits into two main branches called bronchi. The Bronchus extend into each lung. The right lung has an upper and lower lobe, and the left lung has an upper, middle and lower lobe: each is supplied by a main stem bronchus. In each lobe there are tiny bubble like structures called alveoli.

4. Diaphragm - The Diaphragm is a muscular sheet located between the abdominal cavity and the chest cavity. -On inhalation, the diaphragm flattens and moves downward, and the rib cage is lifted upward and outward. This movement allows the lungs to expand and hold a larger volume of air. -On exhalation, the diaphragm is forced upwards by abdominal muscle contractions which lowers the volume of the lungs.

5. Alveoli Alveoli are small bubble-like structures where oxygen diffuses through its membrane into the capillaries. The function of the Alveoli is to transport oxygen into the bloodstream. The Alveoli have extremely thin walls, are fluid lined, and are surrounded by blood vessels.

6. Alveoli Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-f3RL0KiUg

7. Gas Exchange -Gas exchange is the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs from the air in the alveoli to the blood and the carbon dioxide in the blood (blood vessels located on the surface of the alveoli) diffusing into the air. -This works because because the lungs have a higher concentration of oxygen than the blood, and the blood has a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than the lungs, so the oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse.

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