1. The Adult Learner

2. "The art of teaching is the art of assisting discovery." - Mark Van Doren

3. What is Learning?  Learning involves change.  concerned with the acquisition of habits, knowledge, and attitudes.

4. What is Learning? It enables the individual to make both personal and social adjustments.

5. What is Learning? Learning is a change in the individual, due to the interaction of that individual, and his environment, which fills a need and makes him more capable of dealing adequately with his environment.

6. What is learning? Learning is a change in human disposition or capability, which can be retained and applied.

7. Key Assumptions about Adult Learners:  Adults are motivated to learn as they experience needs and interests that learning will satisfy.

8. Key Assumptions about Adult Learners: 2. Experience is the richest source for adults’ learning.

9. Key Assumptions about Adult Learners: 3. Adults have a need to be self-directing.

10. Dewey’s Key Concepts of Teaching:  All genuine education comes about through experience.  Democracy/Participation - promotes quality human experience

11. Dewey’s Key Concepts of Teaching:  Continuity - builds upon experiences that are worth while  Interaction/Participative- it’s a social process

12. What Adults Need to Know Prior to Learning:  how learning will be conducted  what will be learned  why it will be valuable

13. "Anyone who stops learning is old, whether at twenty or eighty. Anyone who keeps learning stays young." - Henry Ford

14. Breakdown of the Principals of Adult Learning Learning is enhanced when it can immediately be applied in a real-life context.

15. Learning is enhanced when adult learners have control or influence over their educational experiences.

16. Learning depends on past and current experiences.

17. Learning is enhanced when people are active participants.

18. Learning requires an environment of comfort and respect.

19. Learning is enhanced when self-directed.

20. Adult learning is enhanced when participants experience success.

21. KWL What do we know? What do we want to know ? What did we learn?

22. “Show me and I forget; Teach me and I remember; Involve me and I learn.” - B. Franklin

23. Jane Vella’s 12 Principles of teaching adults

24. Principle 1 Needs Assessment. Learners need to participate in naming, what is to be learned

25. Principle 2 Safety Learners need a safe, nurturing environment in which there is trust.

26. Principle 3 Sound Relationship  Friendship without dependency  Fun without trivialization  Dialogue of peers

27. Principle 4 Sequencing.  Small to big  Easy to hard  Slow to fast

29. Principle 5 Action with reflection. Description / Analysis / Application / Implementation

30. Principle 6 Control. Learners as subjects. Learners as decision makers.

31. Principle 7 Feelings / Emotions Learning through pictures / sound / opinion / discussion. Learning through the learners experiences / beliefs.

32. Principle 8 Immediacy. Learning that is practical, can be used in their workplace, learning directly relevant to tomorrow.

33. Principle 9 Clear Roles. Clearly defined roles and who does what in the learning process.

34. Principle 10 Teamwork. A social aspect to the learning. Adults need to network, learn by facilitation with other peers.

35. Principle 11 Engagement. Learners are active participants with an investment in the learning beyond the classroom.

36. Principle 12 Accountability. Learners expect results. What was planned for should be seen/reviewed in an outcome.

37. REFERENCES  http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/Fac DevCom/guidebk/teachtip/adults-1.htm http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/Fac DevCom/guidebk/teachtip/adults-1.htm  Merriam, S. B. and Caffarella, R. S. (1991) Learning in Adulthood. A comprehensive guide, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.  Knowles, Malcolm,(1978), The adult learner : a neglected species, Houston, Gulf Pub. Co.  Vella, Jane, (1994), Learning to listen, learning to teach, San Francisco,Jossey-Bass Publishers

38. http://eflclassroom.ning.com