1. OCB: Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry Program OCB Mission: to establish the evolving role of the ocean in the global carbon cycle, in the face of environmental change, through studies of marine biogeochemical cycles and associated ecosystems

2. To promote, plan, and coordinate collaborative, multidisciplinary research opportunities within the U.S. research community and with international partners NACP North American Carbon Program SOLAS Surface-Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study OCCC Ocean Carbon & Climate Change IMBER Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecology WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF OCB?

3. OCB OVERARCHING SCIENTIFIC THEMES Improve understanding and prediction of: 1) Oceanic uptake and release of atmospheric CO 2 and other greenhouse gases; 2) Climate sensitivities of biogeochemical cycles and interactions with ecosystem structure

4. CURRENT OCB RESEARCH PRIORITIES Ocean acidification Terrestrial/coastal carbon fluxes and exchanges Climate sensitivities of and change in ecosystem structure and associated impacts on biogeochemical cycles Mesopelagic ecological and biogeochemical interactions Benthic-pelagic feedbacks on biogeochemical cycles Ocean carbon uptake and storage

5. Data Management Biological and Chemical Ocean Data Management OCB Office OCB Project Office OCB SSC Scientific Steering Committee New & Future Projects U.S. single-investigator & medium-size research projects funded by NASA, NOAA, and NSF Observing System Repeat Hydrography/CO 2 HOT, BATS, CARIACO U.S. efforts in CarboOcean, OOI, OceanSITES, etc. OCB PROGRAM STRUCTURE

6. Existing/Ongoing/New Elements CLIVAR CO 2 Repeat Hydrography Program CO 2 Volunteer Observing System Transects Time-series (HOT, BATS, CARIACO, etc.) Satellite Remote Sensing OceanSITES OOI Coastal Observing Networks OCEAN CARBON OBSERVING SYSTEMS

7. CLIVAR CO 2 Repeat Hydrography Program Goal: Quantify decadal changes in heat, fresh water, CO 2 & CFC inventory and transport Approach: Reoccupy subset of WOCE era transects on ~10 year timeframe Achievements: ~50% complete and on schedule to finish global survey by 2012 (http://ushydro.ucsd.edu/) PlannedCompleted

8. Cyberinfrastructure Coastal Technology  Expanded power and bandwidth to the seafloor  Interactive capabilities  Integrated components  Reconfigurable network components  New way to provide access to the ocean for education/public awareness Ocean Observatories Initiative Regional Science *Long time-series across multiple spatial scales *Investigate short-term episodic events *Multi-disciplinary approach to study complex natural systems and non-linear processes *Complex models for analysis and prediction Global Modified from S. Walker (NSF)

9. OCEAN BIOGEOCHEMICAL TIME-SERIES Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS) http://bats.bios.edu/index.html Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/hot_jgofs.html Carbon Retention in a Colored Ocean (CARIACO) http://www.imars.usf.edu/CAR/index.html

10. Data Management BCO-DMO OCB Office OCB Project Office OCB SSC Scientific Steering Committee New & Future Projects Single to multi-investigator/ small to large research projects funded by NASA, NOAA, and NSF Observing System Repeat Hydrography/CO 2 HOT, BATS, CARIACO U.S. efforts in CarboOcean OOI, … OCB PROGRAM STRUCTURE

11. OCB PROJECTS http://www.us-ocb.org/projects/index.html OCB Projects include any project that falls within the broad scientific themes of OCB and that the PI(s) have self-identified as an OCB activity. To add your project(s) to the OCB list, please contact the OCB Project Office (hbenway@whoi.edu). Scope of new projects is determined by OCB research community through competitive proposals submitted to funding agencies. “Bottom-up” planning allows for flexibility as science evolves. Examples of Active OCB Projects K. Buesseler et al.: Vertical Transport In the Global Ocean (VERTIGO) D. McGillicuddy et al.: Eddies Dynamics, Mixing, Export, and Species composition (EDDIES)” E. D‘Asaro et al.: North Atlantic Bloom Experiment 2008 F. Prahl et al.: Nitrogen Fixation and its Coupling with Denitrification in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific R. Zeebe: Early Detection of Ocean Acidification Effects on Marine Calcification and Deep-Sea Carbonate Dissolution

12. Data Management BCO-DMO OCB Office OCB Project Office OCB SSC Scientific Steering Committee New & Future Projects U.S. single-investigator & medium-size research projects funded by NASA, NOAA, and NSF Observing System Repeat Hydrography/CO 2 HOT, BATS, CARIACO U.S. efforts in CarboOcean OOI, … OCB PROGRAM STRUCTURE

13. Data Management BCO-DMO OCB Office OCB Project Office OCB SSC Scientific Steering Committee AGENCY CONTACTS NSF Don Rice, Phil Taylor, Dave Garrison, Ajit Subramaniam, Roberta Marinelli NASA Paula Bontempi, Fred Lipschultz NOAA Kenneth Mooney CCSP Roger Hanson OCB PROGRAM STRUCTURE

14. Data Management BCO-DMO OCB Office OCB Project Office OCB SSC Scientific Steering Committee Scott Doney (WHOI)Bob Anderson (LDEO) Ginger Armbrust (UW) Kathy Barbeau (SIO) Debbie Bronk (VIMS)Mary-Elena Carr (Columbia) Kendra Daly(USF)Curtis Deutsch (UCLA) Richard Feely (NOAA)Dave Karl (U. Hawaii) Joanie Kleypas (NCAR)Steve Lohrenz (U. S Miss.) Wade McGillis (LDEO) Burke Hales (OSU) Mary Jane Perry(UMaine)Tammi Richardson (USC) Chris Sabine (NOAA)Walker Smith (VIMS) OCB PROGRAM STRUCTURE

15. Data Management BCO-DMO OCB Office OCB Project Office OCB SSC Scientific Steering Committee Director: Scott Doney Program Coordinator: Heather Benway Admin. Assistant: Mary Zawoysky Website: www.us-ocb.org OCB PROGRAM STRUCTURE

16. ROLE OF THE OCB PROJECT OFFICE COORDINATION - Interface with other U.S. and international carbon research program activities (NACP, IOCCP, CARBOOCEAN, IMBER, SOLAS, etc.) - Convene researchers across disciplines at workshops and meetings to facilitate OCB project planning and implementation ORGANIZATION - Community workshops (OCB summer workshop, scoping workshops) - OCB Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) activities COMMUNICATION - OCB Website: www.us-ocb.org - OCB Newsletter: OCB News published 3x/year EDUCATION AND OUTREACH - Promote ocean carbon science to broader audiences, policy makers, and underrepresented students (contact: hbenway@whoi.edu)

17. Data Management BCO-DMO (US) IOCCP (international) OCB Office OCB Project Office OCB SSC Scientific Steering Committee Biological & Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO): Website: www.bco-dmo.org International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project (IOCCP): Website: http://www.ioccp.org/ OCB PROGRAM STRUCTURE

18. The Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) The Office is located at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Website: www.bco-dmo.org The Office is managed by: Robert Groman (rgroman@whoi.edu) Cyndy Chandler (cchandler@whoi.edu) David Glover (dglover@whoi.edu) Peter Wiebe (pwiebe@whoi.edu) The Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) was created to serve PIs funded by the NSF Biological and Chemical Oceanography Sections as a location where marine biogeochemical, ecological and oceanographic data and information developed in the course of scientific research can easily be disseminated, protected, and stored on short and intermediate time-frames. Our main objective is to support the scientific community through improved accessibility to ocean science data. funded by NSF

19. OCB IMPLEMENTATION OCB Summer Science Workshop (July 20-23, 2009) OCB Scoping Workshops and Community Activities -Observing Biogeochemical Cycles at Global Scales with Profiling Floats and Gliders (April 28-30, 2009 at MBARI) -New Frontiers in Southern Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research (June 8-11, 2009 at Princeton) -Ocean Acidification Short Course (Fall 2009, details TBA) Other OCB Activities -OCB researchers developing North American coastal carbon budgets as part of the NACP Interim Synthesis Activities -OCB providing input on new U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan -OCB Ocean Acidification subcommittee providing leadership on U.S. ocean acidification activities (e.g., OCB ocean acidification scoping workshop report and white paper, contributing to NRC report, coordinating OCB response to EPA federal register notice on ocean acidification, etc.)

20. Atmospheric control of nutrient cycling and production in the surface ocean Spatio-temporal variability of nutrient deposition from contrasted sources: impact on surface ocean ecosystem? Saharan dust Biomass burning MODIS image July 2007, Mediterranean NASA

21. Algal DMSP DMS SO 4 = Aerosol CCN Charlson et al. (1987) Organic Aerosol ??? Radiative Forcing Ocean-Derived Aerosols: Production, Evolution, and Impact

22. Ship Plumes: Impacts on atmospheric chemistry, climate and nutrient supply to the oceans Corbett et al., 1999

23. Sea ice biogeochemistry a habitat, reaction surface, source, sink and barrier for gas exchange Perovich and Richter-Menge 2009 Background: Main properties of sea ice in models: - reflective surface - deep water formation - prevents gas exchange from water Not included are biogeochemical cycles: - Impact of biology on climate relevant gases (CO 2, DMS, N 2 O, others) - Impact of biology on ice structure: porosity, energy absorption - Strong precipitation/dissolution processes of CO 2 in brines - Photochemistry and optical properties - Source for major and minor nutrients: N, P, Fe

24. Submit proposals to OCB-relevant funding targets (http://www.us-ocb.org/meetings/index.html#funding) Submit OCB-relevant projects, field/cruise opportunities, and current events to Project Office (hbenway@whoi.edu) to post on OCB website Volunteer or nominate new members to serve on the OCB-SSC (annual open nomination process) Submit a scoping workshop proposal Attend OCB workshops and community activities Contribute to the NACP/OCB Coastal Synthesis Activities (http://coastalcarbon.pbwiki.com/) HOW TO GET INVOLVED