1. Grids and Geographic Coordinates

2. Grids and grid coordinates
The geographic grid system was created to locate all places on Earth.
It uses latitude and longitude to describe the location of any place on Earth.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - image appears ‘Globe’
On click - text appears ‘The geographic grid system was created to locate all places on Earth.
On click - It uses latitude and longitude to describe the location of any place on Earth.’

3. Grids and grid coordinates
One way of mapping the world is on a globe, because Earth is a sphere, which is a 3D shape.
A map is usually a 2D drawing, and shows an accurate image of a place.
Most people find 2D maps easier to use than globes.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - text appears ‘One way of mapping the world is on a globe, because Earth is a sphere, which is a 3D shape. A map is usually a 2D drawing, and shows an accurate image of a place. Most people find 2D maps easier to use than globes.’

4. Grids and grid coordinates
Grids and geographic coordinates are used to locate places on a map.
Grids are evenly spaced horizontal and vertical lines placed on a map.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - image appears ‘Compass and map’
On click - text appears ‘Grids and geographic coordinates are used to locate places on a map.’
On click - text appears ‘Grids are evenly spaced horizontal and vertical lines placed on a map.’
On click - text appears ‘Letters or numbers are placed along the sides of a grid. They are combined to give grid coordinates for any location.’
Letters or numbers are placed along the sides of a grid. They are combined to give grid coordinates for any location.

5. Grids and grid coordinates
Why is it useful to be able to quickly locate places on a map?
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - image appears ‘Atlas map’
On click - text appears ‘Why is it useful to be able to quickly locate places on a map?’
On click - text appears ‘When have you had to locate places on a map?’
When have you had to locate places on a map?

6. Grids and grid coordinates
Maps in atlases and street directories are common examples of where you might use grid coordinates.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - text appears ‘Maps in atlases and street directories are common examples of where you might use grid coordinates.’

7. Grids and grid coordinates
On this map, the grid coordinates are alphanumeric.
Alphanumeric means a combination of letters and numbers.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - map appears ‘Alphanumeric grid map’
On click - text appears ‘On this map, the grid coordinates are alphanumeric.’
On click - text appears ‘Alphanumeric means a combination of letters and numbers.’

8. Grids and grid coordinates
On this map, the grid coordinates are alphanumeric.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - text appears ‘What common type of map generally uses alphanumeric coordinates?’
What common type of map generally uses alphanumeric coordinates?

9. Grids and grid coordinates
Locate the sports oval at Blair College.
The grid coordinate is C3.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - map appears ‘Alphanumeric grid map’
On click - text appears ‘Locate the sports oval at Blair College. The grid coordinate is C3.’, image appears ‘Soccer ball’
On click - text appears ‘The oval is easily located within the square bounded by the grid coordinates.’
On click - Blair College is highlighted on the map.
The oval is easily located within the square bounded by the grid coordinates.

10. Grids and grid coordinates
Note that the coordinate for the horizontal grid lines is given first, and the vertical grid coordinate second.
Grids and grid coordinates
On click - text appears ‘Note that the coordinate for the horizontal grid lines is given first, and the vertical grid coordinate second.’

11. Eastings, northings and area references
The numbers that refer to the vertical grid lines are called eastings.
Eastings, northings and area references
On click - text appears ‘The numbers that refer to the vertical grid lines are called eastings.’

12. Eastings, northings and area references
They increase in value as you move across in an easterly direction.
Eastings, northings and area references
On click - text appears ‘They increase in value as you move across in an easterly direction.’

13. Eastings, northings and area references
The numbers that refer to the horizontal grid lines are called northings.
They increase in value as you move up in a northerly direction.
Eastings, northings and area references
On click - text appears ‘The numbers that refer to the horizontal grid lines are called northings. They increase in value as you move up in a northerly direction.’

14. Eastings, northings and area references
The two eastings numbers are joined with the two northings numbers to make a four-figure area reference.
Eastings, northings and area references
On click - text appears ‘The two eastings numbers are joined with the two northings numbers to make a four-figure area reference.’

15. Eastings, northings and area references
For example, a % symbol is located at eastings 46 and northings 22, so its area reference is 4622.
Eastings, northings and area references
On click - text appears ‘For example, a % symbol is located at easting 46 and northing 22, so its area reference is 4622.’ Elements are highlighted on grid.

16. Grid references
Grid references locate places on a map more accurately than area references.
A grid reference is a six figure number, made up of a three-figure eastings reading and a three-figure northings reading.
A grid reference is found by mentally subdividing each grid square into tenths.
Grid references
On click - text appears ‘Grid references locate places on a map more accurately than area references.’
On click - text appears ‘A grid reference is a six figure number, made up of a three-figure eastings reading and a three-figure northings reading.’
On click - text appears ‘A grid reference is found by mentally subdividing each grid square into tenths.’
On click - text appears ‘The third figure in each eastings and northings reading is found by estimating how many tenths across or up the exact location is.’
The third figure in each eastings and northings reading is found by estimating how many tenths across or up the exact location is.

17. Grid references What is the grid reference for the Post Office?
On click - map appears ‘Peaceful Cove map’
On click - question appears ‘What is the grid reference for the Post Office?’
On click - answer appears ‘Answer – ’
Answer –

18. Grid references Name the feature at 280570. Answer – An island
On click - question appears ‘Name the feature at ’
On click - answer appears ‘Answer – An island’
Answer – An island

19. Answer – The river mouth
Grid references
Name the feature at
Grid reference
On click - question appears ‘Name the feature at ’
On click - answer appears ‘Answer – The river mouth’
Answer – The river mouth

20. Grid references Find the Grid Reference for numbers 1- 4 4 1 2 3
On click - question appears ‘Name the feature at ’
On click - answer appears ‘Answer – The river mouth’ 3

21. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
To locate different places around Earth, we use geographic coordinates – measurements of latitude and longitude.
Lines of latitude are imaginary parallel lines that circle the globe in an east–west direction.
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - image appears ‘Globe’
On click - text appears ‘To locate different places around the Earth, we use geographic coordinates – measurements of latitude and longitude.’
On click - text appears ‘Lines of latitude are imaginary parallel lines that circle the globe in an east-west direction.’

22. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
The Equator divides Earth into northern and southern hemispheres.
Latitude measures how many degrees north or south a point on Earth lies from the Equator.
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - image appears ‘World map’
On click - text appears ‘The Equator divides Earth into northern and southern hemispheres. Latitude measures how many degrees north or south a point on Earth lies from the Equator.’

23. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at:
23.5O south of the Equator?
Tropic of Capricorn
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - question appears ‘What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at 23.3O south of the Equator?‘
On click - answer appears ‘Tropic of Capricorn’ and it is highlighted on the map.

24. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at:
23.5O north of the Equator?
Tropic of Cancer
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - question appears ‘What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at 23.3O north of the Equator?‘
On click - answer appears ‘Tropic of Cancer’ and it is highlighted on the map.

25. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at:
66.5O south of the Equator?
Antarctic Circle
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - question appears ‘What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at 66.5O south of the Equator?’
On click - answer appears ‘Antarctic Circle’ and it is highlighted on the map.

26. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at:
66.5O north of the Equator?
Arctic Circle
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - question appears ‘What is the name given to the imaginary line of latitude at 66.5O north of the Equator?’
On click - answer appears ‘Arctic Circle’ and it is highlighted on the map.

27. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
Lines or meridians of longitude are imaginary lines between the North and South Poles.
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - text appears ‘Lines or meridians of longitude are imaginary lines between the North and South Poles.’

28. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
Longitude measures how many degrees east or west a point on Earth is from the Prime Meridian.
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - text appears ‘Longitude measures how many degrees east or west a point on Earth is from the Prime Meridian.’

29. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
The Prime Meridian is the meridian of longitude at 0O. It divides Earth into eastern and western hemispheres.
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - text appears ‘The Prime Meridian is the meridian of longitude at 0O. It divides Earth into eastern and western hemispheres.’
On click - Prime Meridian is highlighted on the map.

30. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
What is the name given to the imaginary line at 180O from the Prime Meridian?
International Date Line
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - question appears ‘What is the name given to the imaginary line that separates the Eastern and Western Hemispheres at 180O from the Prime Meridian?’
On click - answer appears ‘International Date Line’ and it is highlighted on the map.

31. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
Find out why it is given this name. Suggest why it is this shape.
International Date Line
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - text appears ‘Find out why it is given this name. Suggest why it is this shape.’

32. Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
The exact location of any place on Earth is given by its geographic coordinates.
You can find examples in the index of your atlas.
Measurements for latitude and longitude are given in degrees (and minutes).
Grid coordinates – latitude and longitude
On click - image appears ‘Globe’
On click - text appears ‘The exact location of any place on Earth is given by its geographic coordinates. You can find examples of these in the index of your atlas.
On click - text appears ‘Measurements for latitude and longitude are given in degrees (and minutes).’
On click - text appears ‘Latitude is stated first, then longitude.’
On click - text appears ‘Sydney’s geographic coordinates are: 33.52S E’
Latitude is stated first, then longitude.
Sydney’s geographic coordinates are: 33.52S E