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SECTION 4-3 Connective Tissues
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Connective tissue functions:
Establishing a structural framework Transporting fluids and dissolved materials Protecting delicate organs Supporting, surrounding and interconnecting tissues Storing energy reserves Defending the body from microorganisms
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Figure 4.8 A Classification of Connective Tissues
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Connective tissues contain
Specialized cells Matrix Composed of extracellular protein fibers and a ground substance
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Connective tissue proper
Contains varied cell populations Contains various fiber types A syrupy ground substance
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Fluid connective tissue
Contains a distinctive cell population Watery ground substance with dissolved proteins Two types Blood Lymph
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Supporting connective tissues
Less diverse cell population Dense ground substance Closely packed fibers Two types Cartilage Bone
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Connective tissue proper
Contains fibers, a viscous ground substance, and a varied cell population Fibroblasts Macrophage Adipocytes Mesenchymal cells Melanocytes Mast cells Lymphocytes Microphages
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Connective tissue proper
Three types of fiber Collagen fibers Reticular fibers Elastic fibers
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Connective tissue proper
Classified as loose or dense Loose Embryonic mesenchyme, mucous connective tissues Areolar tissue Adipose tissue Reticular tissue Dense Dense regular CT Dense irregular CT
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Figure 4.9 The Cells and Fibers of Connective Tissue Proper
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Figure 4.10 Connective Tissue in Embryos
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Figure 4.11 Adipose and Reticular Tissues
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Figure 4.12 Dense Connective Tissues
Figure 4.12a
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Figure 4.12 Dense Connective Tissues
Figure 4.12b
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Figure 4.12 Dense Connective Tissues
Figure 4.12c
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The Tissue Level of Organization
Chapter 4, part 3 The Tissue Level of Organization
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Fluid connective tissues
Distinctive collections of cells in a fluid matrix Blood Formed elements and plasma Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets Arteries carry blood away, veins carry to the heart Capillaries allow diffusion into the interstitial fluid Lymph Interstitial fluid entering the lymphatic vessels
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Figure 4.13 Formed Elements of the Blood
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Supporting connective tissues—a look ahead…
Cartilage and bone support the rest of the body Cartilage Grows via interstitial and appositional growth Matrix is a firm gel containing chondroitin sulfate Cells called chondrocytes Cells found in lacunae Perichondrium separates cartilage from surrounding tissues Three types: hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage
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