1. World War One: The Beginning
World War I ( ) was caused by competition among industrial nations in Europe and a failure of diplomacy. The war transformed European and American life, wrecked the economies of Europe, and planted the seeds for a second world war. 1

2. Essential Questions What were the factors that produced World War I?
What were the major events of the war?
Who were the major leaders?
What were the outcomes and global
effects of World War I?
What were the terms of the Treaty of
Versailles? 2

3. Europe 1914 3

4. Europe 1918 4

5. Causes of World War I: (1914-1918)
The MAIN causes of World War I were…
Militarism:
glorification of military
strong militaries seen as power
desire to fight for country
Alliances:
countries agreed to support each other
Imperialism:
compete for land & resources
Nationalism:
France: defeated in F-P war, desire to regain power
Germany: newly formed nation, strong military
Russia: Pan-Slavism (support Serbia, Slavic state) 5

6. The Alliance System Triple Alliance [Central Powers]
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
Italy refuses to honor alliance in WWI
Ottoman Empire joins the Central Powers
Triple Entente [Allied Powers]
France, Russia, and Great Britain
Later joined by Italy in 1915
USA becomes an associated power during WWI 6

7. Allied vs. Central Austria-Hungary Germany Italy Ottoman Empire
(Triple Alliance)
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
(shut down Russia’s use
of transportation in the
Black sea & Mediterranean)
Serbia
Russia
France
(Schlieffen Plan)
Belgium
Great Britain
United States
Japan (make box on bottom of chart)
Greece (make box on bottom of chart)
*In addition to these nations, all of the colonies that belonged to the above nations also participated in WWI. 7

8. Why did each country enter World War I?8

9. Central Powers Name of Country Why they joined Bulgaria
Allied Powers VS. Central Powers
Central Powers
Name of Country
Why they joined
Bulgaria
Economic reasons (OE/AH greatest trade partner) , Serbia strongest threat in Balkans
Ottoman Empire
Military alliance with Germany (allies could not protect OE from G)
Germany
Military alliance with Austria-Hungary, followed suit
Austria-Hungary
Because the black hand (Serbia terrorist group) assassinated their Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand 9

10. Allied Powers Name of Country Why they joined France
Long-standing tensions with Germany (took land in late 1800s), military agreement with Russia
Belgium
Wanted to be neutral, Germany marched through on way to France (Schlieffen Plan)- called GB for help
Russia
Large Serbian minority, did not want AH expansion, agreed to join in Serbia was attacked by AH
(leave 1917 Civil War)
Great Britain
Alliance with Belgium, who was getting marched on by Germans on way to France
Italy
Signed agreement with GB, get land in return for changing sides
Serbia
AH declared war on them
U.S.
Initially neutral
Lusitania
Zimmerman Telegram

11. Greece and Japan: Why did they join?
Series of internal debates
Change in leadership—support Allied Powers
Japan
Expand sphere of influence in China

12. Schlieffen Plan German plan Goal: avoid a 2 front war
Through neutral Belgium into France
Concentrate troops in the west-quickly defeat French
Belgium enters war
Ultimately failed

13. 13

14. The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, June 1914
Assassinated by Gavrilo Princep, a Serbian Nationalist.
Sparked a chain reaction of events that had disastrous consequences. 14

15. “July Crisis”
Austrian officials saw nationalist minority groups as threat to monarch
Assassination opportunity to crush Serbian-sponsored movement in Bosnia… (justification to take action)
A-H dispatched an “ultimatum” that Serbia couldn’t accept in 48 Hours. 15

16. July Crisis cont. Serb military mobilizes and so does Austria
Austria declares war (given the support from Germany)
Germany then issues ultimatum to Russia demanding cessation of military measures against A-H; Russia doesn’t respect it and thus Germany declares war!!! 16

17. World War I Label paper “World War 1 Video Notes”
Notes: key events, people, technology
(Saw video in English!!)