1. 1 APA Advanced: Preparing for FSEHS Final Review (Using APA 2007 Style Guide) APA Advanced: preparing for FSEHS Final Review (using APA 2007 Style Guide)

2. FSEHS Resources Use Style Guide for format for FSEHS dissertations http://www.schoolofed.nova.edu/arc/pdf/sgad.pdf Use Applied Dissertation Guide for content http://www.schoolofed.nova.edu/arc/pdf/guidead.pdf Use the rubrics on the ARC Web site when working on the project Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5 th ed.) Checklist for APA Form and Style http://www.schoolofed.nova.edu/arc/pdf/checklistapafs.pdf Format for FSEHS written assignments: http://www.fgse.nova.edu/oaa/pdf/fsehs_standard_format.pdf APA Style Guide to Electronic References (2007) http://www.nova.edu/library/dils/teachinghandouts/APAchanges.htm Replaces pp. 268-281 in APA (5th ed.)

3. Disable Auto-Formatting in Word Before you type a word: Go to Format Lines and Page Breaks Uncheck first 4 boxes It is OK to turn off Widow/Orphan control.

4. Table of Contents Do NOT use a row of periods in the TOC! Need to use a “dot leader”. How to Set Up Tabs and Dots for TOC: http://www.schoolofed.nova.edu/arc/word/ tochowto.doc

5. Use ERIC Thesaurus to Identify ERIC Descriptors for Abstract

6. ERIC Thesaurus in CSA

7. Scope notes and related terms Scope notes Related terms

8. Free Version of ERIC Thesaurus

9. Scope notes Related terms

10. Pagination Use roman numerals in first section for Acknowledgments, Abstract, and TOC – at bottom in the middle of the page

11. Pagination in Body of Paper Page numbers go in upper right-hand corner Use a section break to divide the paper into sections to change from roman numerals at bottom to numbers in upper right

12. Pagination in Word 2007 Page numbers go in upper right-hand corner Use a section break to divide the paper into sections to change from roman numerals at bottom to numbers in upper right

13. Margins 12 1½ inch left margin for dissertation. For the final dissertation report, use a ruler Tip: Try setting bottom margin at 0.95 inches. Tables and appendices MUST have correct margins! No running headers See ARC document, Tips for Correct Margins http://www.schoolofed.nova. edu/arc/word/margins.doc

14. Formatting rules for the paper – no bolding, no underlining, not bullets, APA headings Use double-spacing throughout the paper including the title page, abstract, body of the document, reference list, appendixes, tables, and figure captions. APA does permit single spacing within references but double spacing between references. (See p. 326 of the Publication Manual.) Issues to Consider Major headings require specific formatting (a) The first word of the heading is capitalized as well as all major words; (b) articles, short prepositions, and coordinating conjunctions are not capitalized; and (c) the heading is not italicized. Exceptions for dissertation. Other issues also need to be considered. Students and teachers need to know how to use 2 APA Formatting for NSU Class Assignments Issues to Consider No bolding No underlining No bullets – use seriation (APA, pp. 116-117) Avoid using tables if at all possible Exceptions for dissertations. Level 1 Level 3 Level 4 APA Headings

15. Headings --APA (5th ed.), pp. 113-115, 290 Use Level 1 Headings for the Title Level 3 – Flush Left, Italicized, Upper and Lower Case Side Heading Level 4 is indented, italicized, uses lowercase, and ends with a period.

16. Don’t use Microsoft Word headings Ahah!

17. Don’t use Microsoft Word headings Ahah! Do not use Word’s headings to format the different levels of APA headings.

18. Formatting definitions Definition of Terms For the purposes of this study, the following terms are defined. Information literacy. This phrase refers to a set of standards approved by … Outcomes. For the purposes of this applied dissertation, outcome refers to …. Assessment. This term refers to … This is not numbered so do not use a colon. Note italics and period after word or phrase being defined. Use complete sentence(s) for the definition of the term or phrase. Italicized -- APA, p. 100

19. Formatting research questions Research Questions The purpose of this applied dissertation was…. The following three questions were addressed: 1. What does the literature reveal about the most effective methods for …? 2. To what degree are the effectiveness of the library training being…? Paragraph seriation – Indented. The second line wraps back to margin. APA manual, pp. 116-117 Colon used when list is numbered. There is a complete introductory phrase: The arabic numerals followed by a period.

20. The ACRL Information Literacy Comprehensive Standards address the ability of students (a) to determine the nature and extent of the information need, (b) to access information efficiently and accurately, and (c) to evaluate information critically. Items are not indented. Use lowercase letters in parentheses. Do not italicize. A colon is not used when the list is not numbered Seriation for items in a sentence or paragraph APA, p. 116 Seriation in paragraph

21. Abbreviations and acronyms Abbreviations and Acronyms: Use sparingly Parenthetical Nonparenthetical (in the text) Use Latin Use English (e.g., ) for example (i.e., ) that is (etc., ) and so forth Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Spell out first time Must abbreviate thereafter APA, p. 104 APA, p. 106

22. Statistical Abbreviations and Symbols Use standard typeface for Greek letters, subscripts, superscripts, and abbreviations that function as identifiers, not variables. sin, log Symbols for vectors are bolded. V APA manual, p. 140

23. Statistical Abbreviations and Symbols Italicize all other statistical symbols: f – frequency Mdn – median n – number in a subsample N – number in a sample p – probability P – percentage, percentile t – computed value for t test APA manual, pp. 140-144

24. Appendices Must have correct margins and all pages in appendices must be numbered Each appendix must have an individual cover page Do not include any appendices that are not mentioned in the text Do not include IRB information If there is only one appendix, just use Appendix, not Appendix A

25. Rules for Capitalizing Titles Article title: – In text: The article entitled “An Assessment of the Reading Skills of Inner-City Students” settled the question about appropriate techniques. – In reference citation: Smith, D. (1999). An assessment of reading skills of inner-city students. The Reading Teacher, 14(3), 45-46. Book title: –In text: The book, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, is a modern classic. –In reference citation: Gibbon, E. (1963). The decline and fall of the Roman Empire. New York: Dell. APA manual, p. 95 Capitalize all words of four letters or more as well as verbs in text but not reference list. Capitalize first word after a hyphen in text title but not in reference list.

26. Other Rules for Titles Article title: – In text: The article entitled “An Assessment of the Reading Skills of Inner-City Students” settled the question about appropriate techniques. – In reference citation: Smith, D. (1999). An assessment of reading skills of inner-city students. The Reading Teacher, 14(3), 45-46. Book title: –In text: The book, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, is a modern classic. –In reference citation: Gibbon, E. (1963). The decline and fall of the Roman Empire. New York: Dell. APA manual, p. 95 Quotes around article title in text but not in reference list.

27. Capitalizing Proper Names of School/ University Departments and Courses Department of Education, Valparaiso University Doctoral Studies Orientation 8000 Educational Assessment 101 APA manual, pp. 96-97 Proper names

28. Capitalizing Proper Names of School/ University Departments and Courses Department of Education, Valparaiso University Doctoral Studies Orientation 8000 Educational Assessment 101 but an education department a doctoral orientation an educational assessment course APA manual, pp. 96-97 Generic names

29. Other Proper Names In the third week, the class will be… but In Week 3, the class will be … In the second chapter, read the section … but In Chapter 2, read the section on ….

30. Spacing after Punctuation: Use the find and replace feature Students’ scores improved. The study demonstrated that … Brown, J. D. (2003). Pitfalls of formatting. Reading Teacher, 24(3), 22-24.

31. Spacing Between Initials J. D. Brown (2003) wrote an article on … Brown, J. D. (2003). Pitfalls of formatting. Reading Teacher, 24(3), 22-24. APA manual, pp. 224, 290-291 Exception: Hyphenated initials Smith, E.-R. (2006).

32. The principal stated, “Instructors may or may not want to require an abstract for class assignments” (Tunon, 2006, p. 34), but she concluded that they always summarized the essential content of the paper. In midsentence Block quote Students at Nova Southeastern University have faced challenges in learning how to use APA formatting. When discussing the challenges, Tunon (2006) found the following: Use quotes around an article title or book chapter, but italicize the title of a book, journal, … or report when used in the body of the paper. Use a shot [sic] title in the parenthetical citation or complete title if the title is short. NOTE Non-periodical titles like books and book titles have all the important words capitalized in the text citations, but these same book titles do not have all the important words capitalized in the reference list. (p. 342) Quotes must be introduced – APA, pp. 118-121 Tunon (2006) found that “instructors may or may not want to require an abstract for class assignments” (p. 34). At end of a sentence Use a colon if there is a complete introductory phrase. See APA, pp. 80, 118 quotes

33. Citing direct quotes See APA manual, pp. 120, 207-214. When citing a specific part of a resource and direct quotes: “… victims of emotional abuse” (O’Higgins, 2004, p. 237). Vest (2008) reported that "empirical research verified compliance" (p. 48). in a definition (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 2001, p. 346).

34. Text cites of electronic resources without page numbers In another case, Scanlon, Gallego, Duran, and Reyes (2005) found that the results should be “based on assumptions that individuals are capable of self-directed and self-initiated learning” (Methods section, para. 7). or (Methods section, ¶ 7). Quinlan, Jones, Byron, and Montgomery (2008) stated Quinlan et al. (2008) observed (et al. is used after first use in ¶ when there are three or more authors) Quinlan et al. went on to say (subsequent citations in ¶ ) (American Psychological Association [APA], 2001) Subsequent text citations use (APA, 2001) See APA manual, pp. 120, 207-214.

35. A couple of experiments (Jordan, 2004, 2007) found…. A couple experiments (Eifrig & Gehring, 1976; Skinner, 1956) found.... See APA manual, pp. 120, 207-214. Citing several resources: Citing several resources

36. Ampersand Stating vs. citing Stonebraker and Lucio (2005) published on this topic. Information literacy needs to be integrated into the curriculum (Quinlan & Bardeen, 2007).

37. Ampersand Stating vs. citing Stonebraker and Lucio (2005) published on this topic. Information literacy needs to be integrated into the curriculum (Quinlan & Bardeen, 2007). Three or more authors cited, use commas Researchers (Cresswell, Borg, & Allsop, 2004) have found that this is true.

38. Test yourself 1.The theory (Smith, Brown, and Jones, no date) or 2.The theory (Smith, Brown, & Jones, n.d.)  1.Two research studies (APA, 2002; Barnes, 2005) or 2.Two research studies (Barnes, 2005; APA, 2002)  1. MacDougall (2004, para. 34) stated that “the Information Literacy Model needed to be implemented”. or 2.MacDougall (2004) stated that “the Information Literacy Model needed to be implemented” (Methods section, para. 4). or 3. MacDougall (2004) stated that “the Information Literacy Module need to be implemented.” ( ¶ 34) 

39. Magazines, Newsletters, and Newspapers: Formatted Differently Than Journals Kandel, E. R., & Squire, L. R. (2000, November 10). Neuroscience: Breaking down scientific barriers. Science, 20, 1113-1120. Magazine See APA manual, pp. 241-243

40. Magazines, Newsletters, and Newspapers: Formatted Differently Than Journals Kandel, E. R., & Squire, L. R. (2000, November 10). Neuroscience: Breaking down scientific barriers. Science, 20, 1113-1120. The new health-care lexicon. (1993, Spring). Copy Editor, 4, 1-2. Newsletter See APA manual, pp. 241-243

41. Magazines, Newsletters, and Newspapers: Formatted Differently Than Journals Kandel, E. R., & Squire, L. R. (2000, November 10). Neuroscience: Breaking down scientific barriers. Science, 20, 1113-1120. The new health-care lexicon. (1993, Spring). Copy Editor, 4, 1-2. New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July 15). The Washington Post, p. A12. Newspaper See APA manual, pp. 241-243

42. Test yourself 1.More bombs in Iraq. (2006, July 5). Dallas Morning News, p. A1. or 2. More bombs in Iraq. (2006). Dallas Morning News, p. A1. 1.Lee, A. (2005). In the classroom. T.H.E. Journal, 12(3), pp. 23-46. or 2.Lee, A. (2005). In the classroom. T.H.E. Journal, 12(3), 23-46.  

43. The Future Is Here In the APA manual (5th ed.), APA said, “At present, the majority of the articles retrieved from online publications in psychology and the behavioral sciences are exact duplicates of those in their print versions and are unlikely to have additional analyses and data attached. This is likely to change in the future.” APA manual, p. 271

44. Essay in e-encyclopedia: Roberts, L. D. (2007). Equivalence of electronic and offline measures. In R. Reynolds, R. Woods, & J. Baker (Eds). Handbook of research on electronic surveys and measurements (pp. 96- 102). Idea Group.

45. Data Added to Electronic Resources: No Longer Static PDF format BUT publisher provides - added data - additional analysis

46. Digital object identifier doi string: 10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 APA Style Guide (2007) addresses use of DOIs.

47. APA (5th ed.) example of an electronic copy of a journal article retrieved from “aggregated” database: Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 443-449. Retrieved October 23, 2000, from PsycARTICLES database. APA manual, p. 279, #88

48. APA (5th ed.) Example of a “Aggregated Database”: PsycARTICLES: p. 279, #88 NOTE: The APA Style Guide refers to aggregated databases now as electronic databases – p. 3.

49. Example of full-text HTML document

50. Example of PDF document Article actually retrieved from PsycARTICLE PsycARTICLE article available in PDF format

51. Rules for Citing Journal Articles Changed in the APA Style Guide (2007) Ask yourself: Is it a final or archival version of article? If not, you need to include the retrieval date Digital object identifier (DOI) number? (DOI is a unique alphanumeric string assigned to identify content and provide a persistent link) If no DOI, you need the database name or the link to the content (journal URL)

52. When to use retrieval statements: Is this an archival copy? (APA Style Guide, p. 6) Is there a DOI? (APA Style Guide, p. 3)

53. DOIs can be found in a variety of places

54. Article with DOI assigned: Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 443-449. doi:10.1037/ 0002-9432.76.4.482 APA Style Guide, p. 7 #1 No retrieval date is needed because the final version of the article is being referenced. No database or URL is needed because the DOI functions as both a unique identifier of the content and a link to the content

55. Formatting of DOI: Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 443-449. doi:10.1037 /0002-9432.76.4.482 APA Style Guide, p. 7 #1 In the retrieval statement, doi: is lower case and followed by a colon. No space between colon and number Break the number before most punctuation (APA Style Guide, p. 6) Do not include a period after the DOI number.

56. When to use retrieval statements: If there is no DOI, then ask: Is it widely available in print and/or online? If not, was it obtained from a database or URL?

57. If there is no DOI, provide the name of the URL or database. Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 443-449. Retrieved from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap /article/view/71/100 APA Style Guide, p. 7 #2 No date is needed because the final version of the article is being referenced. Use exact URL if the content is open access Use the URL of the journal home page if accessed by subscription Remove hyperlink formatting – underlining and change of color

58. Compare two formats Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 443-449. Retrieved October 23, 2000, from PsycARTICLES database. Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 443-449. doi:10.1037 /0002-9432.76.4.482 Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 443-449. Retrieved from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap /article/view/71/100 APA Style Guide APA (5th ed.)

59. Preprint Version of Article Clark, K. F. (2009). What can I say besides “sound it out”? Coaching word recognition in beginning reading. The Reading Teacher, 57, 440-449. Advanced online publication. Retrieved July 1, 2008. doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0597-7 Preprints are articles published online before they appear in print. The retrieval date is included because the version used at the time of research was not the archival copy. The DOI will direct people to the most recent version of the document. APA Style Guide, p. 8 #3

60. “In press” Version of Article Clark, K. F. (2009). (in press). What can I say besides “sound it out”? Coaching word recognition in beginning reading. The Reading Teacher, 57, 440-449. Retrieved July 1, 2008. doi:10.1007 /s00213-006-0597-7 Article has to be accepted for publication in order to use “in press”. If the article is a draft version or submitted for publication but not yet reviewed, do not include the journal title. Clark, K. F. (2009). What can I say besides “sound it out”? Coaching word recognition in beginning reading. Manuscript submitted for publication. Retrieved July 1, 2008, from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap/article/view/71/100 APA Style Guide, pp. 8-9 #4

61. Test Yourself

62. When there is no DOI: Test Yourself: How to Format With and Without DOI? Jackson, C. N. (2008). (in press). Processing strategies and the comprehension of sentence-level input by L2 learners of German. System. Retrieved July 1, 2008. doi:10.1007 /s00213-006-0597-7 Jackson, C. N. (2008). (in press). Processing strategies and the comprehension of sentence-level input by L2 learners of German. System. Retrieved July 1, 2008, from Science Direct database. APA Style Guide, pp. 8-9 #4 APA (5th ed.) p. 279, #88 “In press” article is not an archival copy so retrieval date is needed. Is the in-press article considered hard to find? APA Style Guide, p. 7 #1

63. Hilts, P. J. (1999, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2006, from http://www.nytimes.com/Feb16_1999/ article12.html No period after Web addresses. Newspaper citation retrieved from Web site – APA (5th ed.) Break URLs after slash or before period. (APA, p. 271) Before most punctuation (APA Style Guide)

64. APA example of a daily newspaper article retrieved from a Web site – APA Style Guide (2007) Hilts, P. J. (2005, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. APA Style Guide says: “With the exception of hard-to-find documents of limited circulation delivered by electronic databases, the database name is no longer a necessary element of the reference. If database name is included, do not include the URL.” (2007, p. 3)

65. E-Book Peltier-Davis, C., & Renwick, S. (Eds.) (2007). Caribbean libraries in the 21st century. Medford, NJ: Information Today. Available from http://www.infotoday.com/book1212.html Remove hyperlink formatting. Include http:// in Web address. Don’t start URL on the next line.  APA Style Guide p. 10, #6

66. E-Book Peltier-Davis, C., & Renwick, S. (Eds.) (2007). Caribbean libraries in the 21st century. Medford, NJ: Information Today. Available from http://www.infotoday.com/book1212.html  Do not use superscript for 21 st  Use “Available from” instead of “Retrieved from” when the URL leads to information on how to obtain the cited material rather than to the material itself.

67. Citation of a work discussed in a secondary source Seidenberg and McClelland’s study (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, & Haller, 1993) … Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., & Haller, M. (1993.) Models of reading aloud. Psychological Review, 100, 589-608. Text citation: However reference list entry:

68. APA’s only example of an ERIC ED document Mead, J. V. (1992). Looking at old photographs: Investigating the teacher tales that novice teachers bring with them (Report No. NCRTL-RR-92-4). East Lansing, MI. National Center for Research on Teacher Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED346082) APA (5th ed.) p. 257, #43

69. APA example of ERIC ED citation -- authors

70. APA example of ERIC ED citation – location, publisher info

71. APA example of ERIC ED citation – Report no.

72. APA (5th ed.) example again Mead, J. V. (1992). Looking at old photographs: Investigating the teacher tales that novice teachers bring with them (Report No. NCRTL-RR-92-4). East Lansing, MI: National Center for Research on Teacher Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED346082)

73. DOI in ERIC

74. APA style manual does not provide examples for all types of resources likely to be used by NSU’s EdD students. The Problem:

75. Citation Puzzle Pieces Author, Title, Date Doc Retriev e Type Author Author, title, date Is the document a stand-alone document or is it contained in a serial, proceedings, or index?

76. Citation Puzzle Pieces: Type of Document Doc Retriev e Type Author Type of document? Conference paper Report Dissertation, thesis, practicum ERIC document

77. Citation Puzzle Pieces: Published, Unpublished? Doc Retriev e Type Author What are the variations for that type of document? Published? Unpublished?

78. Citation Puzzle Pieces: Print or Electronic? Doc Retrieve Type Author How and where was the resource retrieved? Exact copy, Web site, aggregated database?

79. Formatting Unpublished Conference Paper – author info Author

80. Formatting Unpublished Conference Paper – Document type Doc

81. Formatting Unpublished Conference Paper-- published or unpublished? Type

82. Formatting Unpublished Conference Paper— Retrieved? Retrieve

83. Authors Kaplan, J. S., & Tracey, D. H. (2007, November/ December). Teacher read-alouds at 2nd grade, with and without student companion texts: Unexpected findings. Paper presented at the Annual National Reading Conference, Austin, Texas. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED501507) Retrieved March 2, 2008, from ERIC database. Author

84. ED, Conference paper Kaplan, J. S., & Tracey, D. H. (2007, November/ December). Teacher read-alouds at 2nd grade, with and without student companion texts: Unexpected findings. Paper presented at the Annual National Reading Conference, Austin, Texas. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED501507) Retrieved March 2, 2008, from ERIC database. APA manual, p. 259-260 -- conference paper p. 257, #43 – document available from ERIC Doc

85. Unpublished conference paper Kaplan, J. S., & Tracey, D. H. (2007, November/ December). Teacher read-alouds at 2nd grade, with and without student companion texts: Unexpected findings. Paper presented at the Annual National Reading Conference, Austin, Texas. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED501507) Retrieved March 2, 2008, from ERIC database. APA manual, p. 260, # 52 – conference paper that has not published in proceedings - Include month of the conference - Title of paper is not italicized. Type

86. Retrieved – database or URL? Kaplan, J. S., & Tracey, D. H. (2007, November/ December). Teacher read-alouds at 2nd grade, with and without student companion texts: Unexpected findings. Paper presented at the Annual National Reading Conference, Austin, Texas. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED501507) Retrieved March 2, 2008, from ERIC http://www.eric.ed.gov /ERICWebPortal/contentdelivery/servlet/ ERICServlet?accno=ED501507 APA manual, p. 279, #88 – electronic copy retrieved from database If retrieved from a URL, then you would use the Web address Retrieve

87. Retrieved – database or URL? Kaplan, J. S., & Tracey, D. H. (2007, November/ December). Teacher read-alouds at 2nd grade, with and without student companion texts: Unexpected findings. Paper presented at the Annual National Reading Conference, Austin, Texas. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED501507) Retrieved March 2, 2008, from ERIC http://www.eric.ed.gov /ERICWebPortal/contentdelivery/servlet/ ERICServlet?accno=ED501507 APA manual, p. 279, #88 – electronic copy retrieved from database APA style guide – no DOI. Archival copy so would not need retrieval date. Would need proper name of database or URL. Retrieve

88. Citing “Published” Dissertations Found in DAI Dissertation Abstracts International Volume 62 2001 Series A Published dissertations

89. DAI – vol.#, issue #, p. #, etc DAI – Dissertation Abstracts International APA manual (5 th ed.)

90. DAI Volume number Volume number, Issue number, Series letter UMI publication/order number DAI – APA manual (5th ed.)

91. DAI Issue number Volume number, Issue number, Series letter UMI publication/order number DAI – APA manual (5th ed.)

92. DAI Series letter Volume number, Issue number, Series letter UMI publication/order number DAI – APA manual (5th ed.)

93. DAI pub. # Volume number, Issue number, Series letter UMI publication/order number DAI – APA manual (5th ed.)

94. Published dissertation citation – 5 th ed. Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62(3), 853A. (UMI No. 45689011) Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. APA manual, p. 260, # 54 – dissertation abstracted in DAI. p. 279, # 88 – electronic copy retrieved from database DAI – APA manual (5th ed.)

95. Published dissertation citation retrieved from database: APA Style Guide Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. (AAT 45689011) APA style guide, p. 10, #8

96. Compare APA 5 th ed and APA Style Guide formatting -- title Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. (AAT 45689011) Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62(3), 853A. (UMI No. 45689011) Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. Not italicized Italicized DAI – APA manual (5th ed.) Dissertation – APA Style Guide

97. Compare APA 5 th ed and APA Style Guide formatting –UMI# Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. (AAT 45689011) Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62(3), 853A. (UMI No. 45689011) Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. Formatting of document numbers DAI – APA manual (5th ed.) Dissertation – APA Style Guide

98. Compare APA 5 th ed and APA Style Guide formatting -- database Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. (AAT 45689011) Clarke, D. C. (2001). Differences in student dropout rate, attendance rate, and grade point average after the implementation of the North Carolina Dropout Prevention/Drivers License Law. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62(3), 853A. (UMI No. 45689011) Retrieved July 1, 2006, from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. Formatting of name of database DAI – APA manual (5th ed.) Dissertation – APA Style Guide Database name is included because this is a hard-to- find resource.

99. Ahah! What about using citation software? References Citation format?

100. https://www.nova.edu/common-lib/ISI/ http://www.nova.edu/library/dils/tutorials/endnote/ EndNote X2

101. No Short Cut for Learning the APA Rules

102. Still confused? You can call your North Miami Beach Librarian at (800) 541-6682 ext. 28423 or email lucio@nova.edu Still confused?

103. Recommendation: Hire an Editor for Final Review dissertation

104. Considerations for Selecting an Editor: The university does not assume responsibility for a student's contractual agreement with a private editor or typist or for the quality of the editor's or typist's work. Fully communicate with editor about the services included, turn-around time, and costs. Don’t send your only copy of manuscript to the editor.

105. Thanks!