2. NOTRE DAME FIRE SCHOOL 2004 FIRE PUMPS 101 CAPTAIN TROY KERCKHOVE SOUTH BEND FIRE

3. A LITTLE ABOUT ME South Bend Firefighter 12 years Wife and three kids Captain of Engine 8 (in the hills) EMT-adv Shift instructor, flashover instructor Hazmat team

4. A LOT ABOUT YOU Name Department Years in the fire service Type of apparatus What do you want from this class Favorite color

5. NOW LETS GET PUMPED UP

6. FIRE PUMP THEORY Why do you need to know and understand, how the pump work? –Moving Water –Making Pressure –Maintaining –Troubleshooting

7. PUMP TYPES Positive displacement –Original fire pump –Used primarily as primers today –Constant volume –Will pump air –Types Piston Vane Rotor gear

14. FIRE PUMPS CENTRIFICAL –Based around the spinning disk –Volume dependent on supply –Types Single stage Series/parallel (two Stage) Third stage high pressure –Used in today’s fire pumps

18. THE TWO STAGE PUMP Designed to operate in pressure and volume modes Series used for high pressure lower volume (less than half rated volume) Parallel used for high volume low pressure Has some type of a change over valve

23. THE RELIEF VALVE Safety system for the firefighters on the hose lines Must be used anytime more than one line is operation Protects lines from over pressurization Most operate from 70 to 300 psi Must operate with less than a 30 psi surge Will not operate if inlet pressure to high

27. PRESSURE GOVERNERS Maintains pressure by operating engine throttle control –Mechanical –Electronic

30. MAINTANCE VS REPAIR Prevent future problem Keeps in working Inspect to find defects Complete on a regular schedule Fixing what is broke Replace worn parts

31. UNDER THE HOOD Engine oil Transmission fluid (automatic) Coolant Washer fluid Brake fluid Belts Hoses Batteries Leaks

32. CHASSIS Tires Other leaks Body damage Doors Brakes Steering Hose loads and equipment

33. PUMP AREA Inside and under –Leaks Water Other fluids –Primer oil level Panel –Move of valves –Lights –Gauges –Line connections –Change over valve –Relief valve

34. NOZZLES Smooth bore –50 psi Set gallon fog –100 psi Low pressure fog Automatic

35. COMMON HOSE SIZES 1” 1 ½” 1 ¾” 2” 2 ½” 3” Supply line

37. MEASURING THAT WATER Pressure –Force exerted by the water –Measured in pound per square inch (psi) –Or inches of mercury Volume –Amount of water flowing –Measured in gallons per minute (gpm)

38. NET PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE NDP=FL+A+E+N –FL= FRICTION LOSS –A=APPLIANCE –E=ELEVATION 5 PSI PER 10 FT OR 5 PSI PER FLOOR MINUS 1 –N=NOZZLE

39. FRICTION LOSS The amount of pressure lost, as water flows through hose and appliances Points to remember –Flow goes up so does the loss –Smaller hose more loss –Kinks

40. FINDING FRICTION LOSE THE HARD WAY FL=CQ 2 L Examples –200’ of 13/4” hose flowing 200gpm 15.5x2 2 x2=124psi –1000’ of 5” flowing 1000gpm.08x10 2 x10=80psi

42. FRICTION LOSS MADE A LITTLE EASIER Hand method Flow methods Charts Predetermined settings Hose team yelling at you

45. CONDENSED Q FORMULA FL per 100 ft of 3” hose=Q 2 200’ 3” flowing 500 gpm 5 2 25x 2=50 psi

50. DRAFTING Moving water from static source

55. SETTING UP THE PUMP Parking brake/ wheel chocks Neutral Shift transfer case Transmission in to correct gear Water into pump Someplace for it to go Set pressure

56. FROM THE BOOSTER TANK Open tank valve Prime if needed –How long? Place for it to go Crack open tank fill Remember limited supply of water, and limited flow

57. FROM DRAFT Air tight connections Prime Put water some where

58. FROM PRESSURIZED WATER SOURCE Bleed air out Send water somewhere

59. CHANGING OVER Tank water to draft –May decrease discharge pressure Tank to pressurized –Will increase discharge pressure

60. TROUBLE SHOOTING Loss prime No pressure No water movement Cavitation Relief valve not working