1. Business English at Work © 2003 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill References

2. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Objectives Demonstrate knowledge of terms used in sentence construction. Use correct ending punctuation for statements, questions, commands, and exclamations. Identify simple, compound, and complete subjects. Identify simple, compound, and complete predicates. PP 3-1a continued Advanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

3. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Objectives Recognize direct objects, indirect objects, and other complements. Identify normal and inverted sentence order patterns. Differentiate between phrases and clauses. Identify simple, compound, complex, and compound- complex sentences. Identify complete sentences, fragments, and run-on sentences. PP 3-1b continued Advanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

4. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A sentence consists of words correctly arranged to form a complete statement or idea. A Sentence PP 3-2 A sentence begins with a capital letter. ends with an ending mark of punctuation. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

5. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Do the words make sense? Do the words indicate a complete thought? Does the group of words begin with a capital letter? Does the group of words end with a period, question mark, or exclamation point? Ask these questions to determine whether words are a sentence. PP 3-3 Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

6. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Express statements (declarative sentences). End with a period. We offer a 30-day return policy. Four Purposes of Sentences PP 3-4a Ask questions (interrogative sentences). End with a question mark if direct questions. Are the new brochures available yet? End with a period if indirect questions. He asked whether I planned to revise the news release. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

7. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Give commands and requests (imperative sentences). End with a period. Direct Command Place your order within two days to receive a discount. Courteous Request Will you please call me by the end of the week. Four Purposes of Sentences PP 3-4a Express emotions (exclamatory sentences). End with an exclamation point. Always satisfy your customers! continued Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

8. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Subject Sentences Have Two Parts PP 3-5 Predicate Verb (action or “to be” form) Tells what the subject is doing or what the subject is Often a noun or pronoun Indicates who is speaking, who is spoken to, or who or what is spoken about Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

9. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment The simple subject is the main word of the subject. Simple Subject PP 3-6 Users can schedule unlimited sales calls with contact management software. We offer a discount to our employees. Outstanding customer service is our goal. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

10. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment The compound subject is two or more main words in a subject. Compound Subject PP 3-7 Hudson Communications and Cellular Depot share an office building in the Redwood Business Park. Evening hours and free parking interest customers. Focus groups, phone messages, and postal card responses are all ways to obtain user opinions. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

11. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment The complete subject consists of the simple or compound subject plus any of its modifiers. Complete Subject PP 3-8 Most customers comment on our window displays. Sales brochures describe our products. Free upgrades and extra bonus miles attract some travelers. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

12. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment The simple predicate is a single verb or verb phrase. Simple Predicate PP 3-9 Tim speaks softly. I take inventory once a week. Our store hours are convenient. We have advertised our sale in the local newspaper. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

13. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment The compound predicate is two or more verbs. Compound Predicate PP 3-10 I researched our orders and designed our latest sales brochure. Our accountant and the sales manager analyzed our sales and recommended new pricing of products. Other companies have visited our call center and ordered similar telephone headsets. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

14. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment The complete predicate consists of the simple or compound predicate plus all modifiers that limit or describe the verbs. Complete Predicate PP 3-11 This short survey asks for your opinions about our customer service. Our company has an extensive video training library. The reports on this Website review a wide range of customer service issues. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

15. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Can be a noun or pronoun. Completes the verb by answering the questions whom? or what? after the verb. A Direct Object PP 3-12 Glenda plans seminars for our company. Service companies need outstanding delivery records. My supervisor praised me for resolving the problem. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

16. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Can be a noun or pronoun. Answers the questions to whom? or for whom? Usually precedes the direct object. Usually follows verb forms such as give, offer, wish, ship, make, refuse, present, or send. An Indirect Object PP 3-13a Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

17. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Dynamic Designs offers me a 15 percent discount. The warehouse shipped Kerry the furniture last week. Our company gives customers a money- back guarantee. Examples of Indirect Objects PP 3-13b continued Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

18. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Is a predicate noun or predicate pronoun that follows a linking verb (am, are, is was, were). Renames the subject. A Subject Complement PP 3-14 Richard Herrera is a customer service representative. We are the best sales team. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

19. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Is a predicate adjective that follows a linking verb (am, are, is, was, were). Modifies (describes) the subject. A Predicate Complement PP 3-15 Billboard advertising is expensive. Customers are a company’s most important asset. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

20. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Normal Order Sentence Order PP 3-16a The subject appears first and the predicate follows. Jerry responded. Your company’s competitors hired several young salespeople. I received the sales totals. We wish you success. The training video is free. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

21. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Inverted Order Sentence Order PP 3-16b The predicate or part of the predicate is before the subject. There are many compliments about our customer service. Here is the latest inventory report. Should we offer discounts to attract customers? How much will a customer satisfaction survey cost? On the Website are the details about our shipping policies. continued Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

22. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A phrase is a sequence of words which has neither a subject nor a predicate. Phrase PP 3-17 Prepositional phrase: Begins with a preposition such as of, in, at, and for and ends with a noun or pronoun. Does not include a verb. in our call center at our warehouse Infinitive phrase: Begins with to and includes a verb form. to offer a compromiseto request a refund Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

23. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A clause is a sequence of words with both a subject and a predicate. Clause PP 3-18a Independent clause: Is a complete sentence and can stand alone. We send a confirmation e-mail for each online order. Dependent clause: Is not a complete sentence and cannot stand alone. It must be joined to an independent clause to make sense. When you call our customer service department, Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

24. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment When a dependent clause introduces an independent clause, place a comma at the end of the dependent clause. Clause PP 3-18b If the office furniture was damaged in moving, our standard guarantee still applies. Because we have 24-hour customer service, we have three customer service shifts. continued Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

25. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment Simple sentences Compound sentences Complex sentences Compound-complex sentences Sentence Formations PP 3-19 Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

26. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A simple sentence is one independent clause in a subject-verb pattern. Simple Sentence PP 3-20 We cancelled the order last week. Rachel and I purchased a subscription to Advertising Age. Our customers shop online and refer others to our Website. The human relations specialist and my manager recommended less phone work and offered me another position. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

27. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A compound sentence is two independent clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction. Compound Sentence PP 3-21 Many of our customers are self-employed, and they purchase items for themselves. Limited quantities of this product are available, but we will ship your order next week. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

28. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A complex sentence consists of an independent clause and a dependent clause. Complex Sentence PP 3-22 When a product is listed as out of stock, your order will be filled as soon as possible. If your order cannot be shipped within 30 days, we will cancel the order. Because I arrived late for the sale, I could not find the items that I wanted. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

29. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A compound-complex sentence consists of more than one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. Compound-Complex Sentence PP 3-23 If your order has not been shipped within 30 days, we will notify you of this delay by e-mail, and you will have the option to cancel your order. When you receive a promotional code, enter it on your order, but only one promotional code may be used for each order. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

30. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A sentence fragment consists of words, phrases, or dependent clauses that cannot stand alone and may contain subjects and predicates. Sentence Fragment PP 3-24 The multiple gift certificates Ordered by phone last week Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

31. Business English at Work SentenceDevelopment A run-on sentence is a complete sentence with period or comma faults. Run-On Sentence PP 3-25 I want to order online credit card thefts worry me. Your serial number is provided with your product documentation you can also find the serial number by opening the software and clicking on the Help menu. Advanced English StructuresAdvanced English Structures; Lectured by CHUM PISETH

32. Business English at Work © 2003 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill End of References