1. Pradeep P Research Scholar Guide Dr. N.S. Harinarayana

2. Data are special type of information, generally obtained through observation, surveys, enquiries, or are generated as a result of human activity. Primary Data are collected afresh & for the first time, specially for the designed study. Secondary Data have already been collected & compiled by someone else.

3.  Observation  Interviewing  Mail survey  Experimentation  Simulation and  Projective technique.

4.  The Interview schedule is referred to as a form filled in during a personal interview in which both the interviewers as well as the respondent are present. It contains a set of questions which are asked and then the columns are filled in by an interviewer in a face to face situation

5.  According to Monette et al. (1986:156), ‘an interview involves an interviewer reading questions to respondents and recording their answers’.  According to Burns (1997: 329), ‘an interview is a verbal interchange, often face to face though the telephone may be used, in which an interviewer tries to elicit information, beliefs or opinions from another person’.

6.  Structured and Unstructured interview  Focused interview  Clinical interview  Depth interview

7.  The interview is more appropriate for complex situations.  It is useful for collecting in-depth information.  Information can be supplemented.  Questions can be explained.  Interviewing has a wider application.

8.  Interviewing is time consuming and expensive.  The quality of data depends upon the quality of the interaction.  The quality of data depends upon the quality of the interviewer.  The quality of data may vary when may interviewers are used.  The researcher may introduce his/her bias.

9.  Questionnaire is the structured set of questions usually sent by mail, though sometimes it is delivered by hand also.  Questionnaire is described as “a document that contains a set of questions, the answers to which are to be provided personally by the respondents”.

10.  Preparation  Constructing the first draft  Self-evaluation  External evaluation  Revision  Pre-test or Pilot study  Revision  Second pre-testing  Preparing final draft

11.  Lower cost  Time saving  Accessibility to widespread respondents  No interviewer’s bias  Greater anonymity  Respondent’s convenience  Standard wordings  No Variation

12.  The mailed questionnaires can be used only for educated people.  Sometimes different respondent’s interpreted questions differently  Questionnaires do not provide an opportunity to collect additional information  Researchers are not sure whether the person to whom the questionnaire was mailed has himself answered the questions.  Many questions remain unanswered  The respondent can consult other persons before filling in the questionnaire.