1. Analyze the Causes and Effects
The War in Afghanistan
Analyze the Causes and Effects

2. Afghanistan
What is this land like?

3. Basics Population = 32 million Size = Texas Language = Afghan Persian
70 different languages
Ethnicity = Mixed
Pastun 50%
Associate with Tribes
Literacy Rate = 36%
Land = Mountain and Desert
Landlocked

5. Persians, Romans, Ottomans, British
Afghan History
Diverse Nation
Conquered in past by:
Persians, Romans, Ottomans, British
Won Independence from Great Britain in 1919
1978 Civil War

6. Afghan History 1979 Soviet Invasion  Beat USSR in 89’ w/ USA aid
1989 – 1996 – Civil War  Taliban wins
Taliban “seekers of knowledge” govt. in power
Harsh & repressive government
Radical Muslims
Drug Trade (Heroin)  Famine
Extreme Poverty

7. USSR vs. Afghanistan

9. Soviets in Afghanistan 1988

10. Thanks USA

12. Soviets leaving Afghanistan 1989

13. Taliban Takes Charge of Country

14. Taliban Police

15. Public Execution in 1999

16. 1,500 year old Buddha statues
March 2001

17. Opium – poppy plants

18. Poppy seed

19. Heroin

21. September 11, 2001
How does this relate to Afghanistan?

22. The War in Afghanistan Operation Enduring Freedom – Afghanistan
September 11, 2001
The Attackers and their Motivation
Planning of the Attacks
The Hijackers
Osama bin Laden & Khalid Sheikh Mohammed
US-led Coalition Response
Operation Enduring Freedom – Afghanistan
Effects of the War in Afghanistan

29. Questions Page
Which attack alarmed you the most?
Why?

30. Al-Qaeda Claims responsibility for attack on USA
Taliban lets Al-Qaeda hide out in their county because they are allies.

31. Al-Qaeda Alliance with Taliban
1996 Osama bin Laden moves from Sudan to Afghanistan
Leader of Al-Qaeda

32. Al-Qaeda Network

34. 9/11
Men who Hijacked planes

35. Hi-jacker

37. Why did these people want to attack America?
According to Bin Laden, he is concerned with
American foreign policy towards, and American actions in, the Muslim world
US support for Israel in its ongoing theft of Arab land
US support for corrupt and repressive regimes in the Muslim world (Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states).
Post 9/11, the US has added to an already long list of Muslim grievances by occupying Afghanistan and Iraq. 

38. Why did these people want to attack America?
According to Bin Laden, he has never said that the attacks were, are, or will be because of American freedoms, the rights of our citizens, or even because of our religious differences. He has said that the reasons for the attacks of the past as well as those of the future will be because of the way the US and its allies treat the Muslim World.

39. Khalid Sheikh Mohammed
Captured
The 9/11 Commission Report determined that the animosity towards the United States felt by Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the "principal architect" of the 9/11 attacks, stemmed "not from his experiences there as a student, but rather from his violent disagreement with U.S. foreign policy favoring Israel".[
Architect of 9/11

40. Osama bin Laden ?

41. Where’s Osama?
Rumor has it … Pakistan
Why so tough to find?

43. How did the United States respond?
Tells Taliban to:
deliver Al-Qaeda leaders to USA
release all US citizens in jails
protect foreigners in Afghanistan
Close terrorist facilities
Does the Taliban accept?

45. Do you feel an attack on a country that harbors terrorists is justifiable?

46. Operation Enduring Freedom
Invade Afghanistan (Oct. 7, 2001)
Mission:
1) Capture Osama bin Laden
2) Destroy Al-Qaeda network
3) Remove Taliban Regime

47. NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
“committed to preserving peace through international cooperation and collective (joint) security.”
Have given forces to War in Afghanistan (49 countries – now 37)

48. Americans in Helmand Province 2007

49. Afghan Man
Friend or Foe?

51. Taliban
“Thanks Iran!”

58. Questions
Do you feel the USA and Congress made the right decision to attack the Taliban in 2001?
Question:
Why do you think the US, with the most powerful military in the world, and its allies, have not been able to totally subdue the Taliban?

59. Are both wars another Vietnam?
Long dragged out conflicts with no end in sight.
Can’t tell whose an friend or foe.
Not popular at home.
Not popular with other governments or their people.
Not winning the hearts and minds of the people.
Fighting primitive people with nothing to lose

60. What are the problems? Friend or Foe? Suicide Bombers
IED- Improvised Explosive Devices
Taliban Aid from Iran
Taliban Aid from Russia
Drug Trade Flourishes (92% of World’s Heroin)
Famine
Never known democracy
Extreme Islamic Groups
Mountains and Terrain
Border crossing
Inadequate amount of US troops
Untrained Afghani Troops
Legitimate Government?
Civilian Casualties
+3,000 Deaths

61. Successful or Unsuccessful?
New Government in Afghanistan
Unstable however
Taliban no longer in control
Yet have re-emerged (quadrupled in size) in SE Afghanistan & now parts of Pakistan
NATO losing control in region
Osama bin Laden can’t be found
Sanctuary in Pakistan?
8 year war – Obama thinking deploying more troops to the region.
Declared a Failed State by U.N.
con