1. Thyroid Gland and Parathyroid Glands
By: Christina Sim, Gabby Vega, Jae Choi, Rachel Okrainsky, Kassia Isoke
Period: 2

2. Where is the Thyroid Gland?
Located in the front of the neck

3. Hormones Associated with the Thyroid Gland
Thyroid Hormone:
Role/Function: Help regulate growth and the rate of chemical reactions (metabolism)
Calcitonin: a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that lowers blood calcium
Role/Function: Lowers the concentration of calcium in the blood when it rises above normal value—this is done by inhibiting the osteoclasts in bone tissue

4. Explanation of the specific function of the thyroid hormone:
Explanation of the specific function of calcitonin:

5. Parathyroid Gland: Location
Parathyroid glands are small glands of the endocrine system which are located in the neck behind the thyroid.

6. Hormones
The parathyroid gland produces a hormone called the parathyroid hormone
The parathyroid hormone regulates the calcium levels in the body largely by increasing levels when they are too low. It does this trough the kidneys, bones and intestines
VIDEO

7. Diseases Associated with the Thyroid Hormone and Calcitonin
Thyroid Cancer: Occurs in the cells of the thyroid
Cause: Unknown
Symptoms:
A lump or swelling in your neck
Pain in your neck and sometimes in your ears
Difficulty breathing or constant wheezing
Hoarseness that is not related to a cold
A cough that continues and is not related to a cold

8. Primary hyperparathyroidism
The blood level is high due to increased and unregulated parathyroid hormone secretion
Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a tumor in one of the parathyroid glands

9. Concept Check Questions
Where is the thyroid and parathyroid located?
In front of the back of the neck
What is the function of calcitonin?
To lower blood calcium
How does the parathyroid hormone regulate calcium levels?
Increasing levels when they are too low, through the kidneys, bones, and intestines

10. Fun Facts
More than 27 million Americans have some sort of thyroid disease. About 13 million have no idea they suffer from a thyroid imbalance
Stress is a major factor that adversely affects the thyroid
The success rate and complication rate for parathyroid surgery is VERY dependent upon the surgeons experience
Parathyroid disease is a lethal disease but just like high cholesterol and high blood pressure it takes 25 years before it takes effect

11. Bibliography
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