1. DNA REVIEW GAME

2. What is the correct relationship among DNA, genes and chromosomes?
A gene contains many chromosomes which are composed of proteins
A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of DNA
A gene is composed of proteins which are found on the chromosomes
A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of proteins

3. What is the correct relationship among DNA, genes and chromosomes?
A gene contains many chromosomes which are composed of proteins
A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of DNA
A gene is composed of proteins which are found on the chromosomes
A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of proteins

4. DNA and RNA are polymers of
A. fatty acids
B. nucleotides
C. monoglycerides
D. amino acids

5. DNA and RNA are polymers of
A. fatty acids
B. nucleotides
C. monoglycerides
D. amino acids

6. What are the parts of a nucleotide. a
What are the parts of a nucleotide?   a. a phosphate, five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen base b. a group of linked amino acids c. one half of a DNA molecule d. a protein, a sugar, and a phosphate e. a phosphate, a six-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen base

7. What are the parts of a nucleotide. a
What are the parts of a nucleotide?   a. a phosphate, five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen base b. a group of linked amino acids c. one half of a DNA molecule d. a protein, a sugar, and a phosphate e. a phosphate, a six-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen base

8. Which parts of a nucleotide make-up the backbone of a nucleic acid molecule?   A) phosphate
B) sugar
C) nitrogen base
D) A and B
E) B and C

9. Which parts of a nucleotide make-up the backbone of a nucleic acid molecule?   A) phosphate
B) sugar
C) nitrogen base
D) A and B
E) B and C

10. In double stranded DNA, the weak bonds between complementary nitrogen bases involve:   a. RNA b. DNA c. hydrogen bonds d. five-carbon sugars e. sulfur

11. In double stranded DNA, the weak bonds between complementary nitrogen bases involve:   a. RNA b. DNA c. hydrogen bonds d. five-carbon sugars e. sulfur

12. Which of the following is NOT one of the nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule?   a. adenine b. cytosine c. uracil d. thymine e. guanine

13. Which of the following is NOT one of the nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule?   a. adenine b. cytosine c. uracil d. thymine e. guanine

14. Cytosine will form a base pair only with: a. cytosine b. adenine c
Cytosine will form a base pair only with:   a. cytosine b. adenine c. thymine d. uracil e. guanine

15. Cytosine will form a base pair only with: a. cytosine b. adenine c
Cytosine will form a base pair only with:   a. cytosine b. adenine c. thymine d. uracil e. guanine

16. |||||||||||||||| _________________________________
What is the base sequence of the DNA strand that would be complementary to the following single-stranded DNA molecule?
GGATCTGATCCAGTCA
|||||||||||||||| _________________________________

17. |||||||||||||||| CCTAGACTAGGTCAGT
What is the base sequence of the DNA strand that would be complementary to the following single-stranded DNA molecule?
GGATCTGATCCAGTCA
|||||||||||||||| CCTAGACTAGGTCAGT

18. Identify components 1 and 2 of the DNA molecule to the right.

19. Identify components 1 and 2 of the DNA molecule to the
right.
1 = a phosphate
2 = deoxyribose sugar

20. In this DNA,
which of the following can 3 and 4 be?
A and G
U and A
C and C
A and T

21. In this DNA,
which of the following can 3 and 4 be?
A and G
U and A
C and C
A and T

22. In this DNA,
3 and 4 are held
Together by
Barry Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Peptide bonds
Hydrogen bonds

23. In this DNA,
3 and 4 are held
Together by
Barry Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Peptide bonds
Hydrogen bonds

24. DNA replication
A. occurs by the addition of nucleotides to the end of the DNA molecule.
B. results in the formation of four new DNA strands.
C. produces two brand new DNA strands that do not resemble the original strand
D. uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand.
E. begins when two DNA molecules join together to exchange segments.

25. DNA replication
A. occurs by the addition of nucleotides to the end of the DNA molecule.
B. results in the formation of four new DNA strands.
C. produces two brand new DNA strands that do not resemble the original strand
D. uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand.
E. begins when two DNA molecules join together to exchange segments.

26. Describe what is happening in each step of DNA replication (figure to right)

27. Describe what is happening in each step of DNA replication (figure to right)
1: one parent double stranded DNA
2: DNA unzips and unwinds
3: Complementary nitrogen bases match up forming a new strand of DNA using an old strand as a template
4: Two daughter double helices; each ½ old and ½ new

28. The enzyme ________ unzips and unwinds the DNA molecule.
A) DNA polymerase
B) helicase
C) primase
D) DNA ligase
E) unzipase

29. The enzyme ________ unzips and unwinds the DNA molecule.
A) DNA polymerase
B) helicase
C) primase
D) DNA ligase
E) unzipase

30. The enzyme ________ assembles a new strand of DNA according to the base pairing rules and using an old strand of DNA as the template..
A) DNA polymerase
B) helicase
C) primase
D) DNA ligase
E) unzipase

31. The enzyme ________ assembles a new strand of DNA according to the base pairing rules and using an old strand of DNA as the template..
A) DNA polymerase
B) helicase
C) primase
D) DNA ligase
E) unzipase

32. A double-stranded DNA is 21% cytosine.
What is the percent of thymine in that DNA?

33. A double-stranded DNA is 21% cytosine.
What is the percent of thymine in that DNA?
29 % thymine

34. A double-stranded DNA is 38% adenine.
What is the percent of cytosine in that DNA?

35. A double-stranded DNA is 38% adenine.
What is the percent of cytosine in that DNA?
12 % cytosine

36. In the semi-conservative DNA replication, daughter DNA molecules consist of: a. one-half of the molecules with two parental strands and one-half of the molecules with two new strands b. all molecules with interspersed parental and new segments c. all molecules with one parental and one new strand d. all molecules with two new strands

37. In the semi-conservative DNA replication, daughter DNA molecules consist of: a. one-half of the molecules with two parental strands and one-half of the molecules with two new strands b. all molecules with interspersed parental and new segments c. all molecules with one parental and one new strand d. all molecules with two new strands

38. The coded information in a DNA molecule determines the formation of
A. polysaccharides
B. polypeptides
C. monosaccharides
D. lipids

39. The coded information in a DNA molecule determines the formation of
A. polysaccharides
B. polypeptides
C. monosaccharides
D. lipids

40. What is a gene?

41. What is a gene? A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.

42. Which one of the following sequences best describes the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?  
RNA → DNA → RNA → protein
DNA → RNA → protein  
protein → RNA → DNA
DNA → amino acid → RNA → protein  

43. Which one of the following sequences best describes the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?  
RNA → DNA → RNA → protein
DNA → RNA → protein  
protein → RNA → DNA
DNA → amino acid → RNA → protein  

44. Two differences between DNA and RNA are that only the RNA contains
a) ribose and uracil
b) deoxyribose and uracil
c) deoxyribose and thymine
d) ribose and adenine
e) ribose and thymine

45. Two differences between DNA and RNA are that only the RNA contains
a) ribose and uracil
b) deoxyribose and uracil
c) deoxyribose and thymine
d) ribose and adenine
e) ribose and thymine

46. Which of the following correctly describes messenger RNA. a
Which of the following correctly describes messenger RNA?   a. single stranded b. uracil replaces thymine c. many sugar to phosphate bonds are present d. contains ribose sugar e. all of the above

47. Which of the following correctly describes messenger RNA. a
Which of the following correctly describes messenger RNA?   a. single stranded b. uracil replaces thymine c. many sugar to phosphate bonds are present d. contains ribose sugar e. all of the above

48. The process of making RNA from DNA is:  
a. transcription b. translation c. conjunction d. peptide synthesis e. this process cannot happen

49. The process of making RNA from DNA is:  
a. transcription b. translation c. conjunction d. peptide synthesis e. this process cannot happen

50. Where is RNA synthesized in a cell. a. nucleus b. mitochondria c
Where is RNA synthesized in a cell?   a. nucleus b. mitochondria c. ribosome d. endoplasmic reticulum e. golgi body

51. Where is RNA synthesized in a cell. a. nucleus b. mitochondria c
Where is RNA synthesized in a cell?   a. nucleus b. mitochondria c. ribosome d. endoplasmic reticulum e. golgi body

52. The enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA is called a
The enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA is called   a. topoisomerase b. helicase c. RNA synthase d. RNA hydrolase e. RNA polymerase

53. The enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA is called a
The enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA is called   a. topoisomerase b. helicase c. RNA synthase d. RNA hydrolase e. RNA polymerase

54. |||||||||||||||| _________________________________
What is the base sequence of the RNA strand that would be transcribed from the DNA sequence below?
GGATCTGATCCAGTCA
|||||||||||||||| _________________________________

55. GGATCTGATCCAGTCA |||||||||||||||| CCUAGACUAGGUCAGU
What is the base sequence of the RNA strand that would be transcribed from the DNA sequence below?
GGATCTGATCCAGTCA
||||||||||||||||
CCUAGACUAGGUCAGU

56. The process of making proteins from RNA is: a. transcription b
The process of making proteins from RNA is:   a. transcription b. translation c. conjunction d. peptide synthesis e. this process cannot happen

57. The process of making proteins from RNA is: a. transcription b
The process of making proteins from RNA is:   a. transcription b. translation c. conjunction d. peptide synthesis e. this process cannot happen

58. The genetic code is redundant. This means
One codon may code for several amino acids
The majority of organisms use the same genetic code
mRNA has sections of nucleotides that are removed.
Several different codons may code for the same amino acid.

59. The genetic code is redundant. This means
One codon may code for several amino acids
The majority of organisms use the same genetic code
mRNA has sections of nucleotides that are removed.
Several different codons may code for the same amino acid.

60. The genetic code is universal. This means
One codon may code for several amino acids
The majority of organisms use the same genetic code
mRNA has sections of nucleotides that are removed.
Several different codons may code for the same amino acid.

61. The genetic code is universal. This means
One codon may code for several amino acids
The majority of organisms use the same genetic code
mRNA has sections of nucleotides that are removed.
Several different codons may code for the same amino acid.

62. Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called
an advantage
codon.
a mutation.
an anticodon

63. Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called
an advantage
codon.
a mutation.
an anticodon

64. A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called 
a) an anticodon
b) a terminator
c) a transposon
d) a mutagen.

65. A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called 
a) an anticodon
b) a terminator
c) a transposon
d) a mutagen.

66. A frameshift mutation could result from
a base insertion only
a base deletion only 
a base substitution only
deletion of three consecutive bases
either an insertion or a deletion of a base

67. A frameshift mutation could result from
a base insertion only
a base deletion only 
a base substitution only
deletion of three consecutive bases
either an insertion or a deletion of a base

68. A point mutation could result from
a base insertion only
a base deletion only 
a base substitution only
deletion of three consecutive bases
either an insertion or a deletion of a base

69. A point mutation could result from
a base insertion only
a base deletion only 
a base substitution only
deletion of three consecutive bases
either an insertion or a deletion of a base

70. Which mutation would be most likely to have a catastrophic effect on the functioning of a protein?
a base substitution near the start of the coding sequence but not in the start codon
a base deletion near the beginning of the coding sequence but not in the start codon
a base deletion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the stop codon
deletion of three bases near the start of the coding sequence, but not in the start codon

71. Which mutation would be most likely to have a catastrophic effect on the functioning of a protein?
a base substitution near the start of the coding sequence but not in the start codon
a base deletion near the beginning of the coding sequence but not in the start codon
a base deletion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the stop codon
deletion of three bases near the start of the coding sequence, but not in the start codon

72. Which of the following is not an effect of a mutation?
prevents a protein from forming
lowers the amount of a protein
adds a function to a protein
any of the above can occur

73. Which of the following is not an effect of a mutation?
prevents a protein from forming
lowers the amount of a protein
adds a function to a protein
any of the above can occur

74. Changing the codon AGC to AGA represents a ____ mutation.
Point
Duplication
Frameshift
Deletion

75. Changing the codon AGC to AGA represents a ____ mutation.
Point
Duplication
Frameshift
Deletion

76. A spontaneous mutation usually originates as an error in
DNA replication.
DNA transcription
translation.
reverse transcription.

77. A spontaneous mutation usually originates as an error in
DNA replication.
DNA transcription
translation.
reverse transcription.

78. The codon for leucine is CUC
The codon for leucine is CUC. How many different amino acids could possibly result from single-base substitutions? 1 3 5 7

79. The codon for leucine is CUC
The codon for leucine is CUC. How many different amino acids could possibly result from single-base substitutions? 1 3 5 7

80. True or False? A mutation always causes a mutant phenotype.
cannot be determined

81. True or False? A mutation always causes a mutant phenotype.
cannot be determined