1. UNIT 1 The organisation of the human body EXAMPLES OF HUMAN TISSUES Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education

2. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE EPITHELIAL TISSUE MUSCLE TISSUE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

3. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education EPITHELIAL TISSUE Epithelial tissue or epithelium is composed of one or more layers of cells, arranged next to each other without any space between them. This tissue covers the external surface of body, forming the skin, and lines cavities and tracts such as the stomach and the intestines.

4. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education EPITHELIAL TISSUE Image of epithelial tissue taken from an optical microscope. Cell nucleus The nucleus of the cell can be seen well, as it has been stained a dark purple colour. The epithelial cells are arranged in many layers, which is why it is called pluristratified epithelial tissue. Cell of epithelial tissue

5. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education EPITHELIAL TISSUE Image of epithelial tissue taken from an optical microscope. The epithelial cells are arranged in two layers, but they are not aligned, so it is called pseudostratified epithelial tissue Cell of epithelial tissue Cell nucleus The cells are prism-like in shape and their nuclei have been stained a dark blue colour.

6. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE EPITHELIAL TISSUE MUSCLE TISSUE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

7. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education MUSCLE TISSUE Muscle tissue is composed of elongated cells, the muscle fibres. These fibres are contractile, which means they contract in response to stimuli. The muscle tissue forms the muscles of the locomotor system (skeletal muscles), the heart (cardiac muscle or myocardium) and the walls of some organs (smooth muscle).

8. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education MUSCLE TISSUE Image of muscle tissue taken using an optical microscope. We can see a longitudinal section of skeletal muscle tissue. Muscle fibres The muscle fibres are elongated, cylindrical and striated (arranged in parallel). The nuclei of the muscle fibres are elongated and found along the sides of the fibres. Nuclei of the muscle fibres

9. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education MUSCLE TISSUE Image of muscle tissue taken using an optical microscope. A cross section of skeletal muscle tissue can be seen. The muscle fibres, cut transversally, have a blocky structure. Muscle fibre The nuclei can be seen around the sides of each fibre. Nuclei of muscle fibres

10. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE EPITHELIAL TISSUE MUSCLE TISSUE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

11. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE Nerve tissue is made up of neurons, cells capable of capturing and responding to stimuli, and of controlling the activity of the organism.

12. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE Image of nerve tissue taking using an optical microscope. In the image, we can see two neurons. Neuron The largest neuron has a polygonal (or star) form and at the nucleus is in the centre. Nucleus of the neuron The body of the neuron has five prolongations. Prolongations

13. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE Image of nerve tissue taken under an optical microscope. Prolongations The prolongations of these neurons are very long. Nucleus of the neuron The bodies of the neurons have a polygonal form with the nuclei at the centre. Neuron In the image, we can see two neurons.

14. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE EPITHELIAL TISSUE MUSCLE TISSUE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

15. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education CONNECTIVE TISSUE Connective tissue is composed of cells separated by an intercellular substance called the matrix. Their function in the body is to connect and support. There are various types of connective tissue: conjunctive tissue, cartilaginous tissue, adipose tissue, bone tissue and blood tissue.

16. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOODBONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONJUNCTIVECARTILAGINOUSADIPOSE

17. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education CONJUNCTIVE TISSUE Conjunctive tissue is a type of connective tissue which joins the other tissues together.

18. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education CONJUNCTIVE TISSUE Image of conjunctive tissue taken using an optical microscope The lines are fibres, which form a network that provides support to the organ, in this case the liver. Fibres The dark round points are the liver cells. Liver cells

19. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOODBONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONJUNCTIVECARTILAGINOUSADIPOSE

20. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education CARTILAGINOUS TISSUE This is a type of connective tissue which forms part of the skeleton and provides support to the soft parts of the body.

21. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education CARTILAGINOUS TISSUE Image of cartilaginous tissue from the trachea, taken using an optical microscope. The chondrocytes have been stained a dark blue colour. Chondrocytes The light blue colour (background) is to the intercellular matrix which surrounds the cells of the cartilaginous tissue, which are called chondrocytes. Matrix of the cartilaginous tissue

22. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOODBONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONJUNCTIVECARTILAGINOUSADIPOSE

23. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education ADIPOSE TISSUE Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue that makes up the organism’s greatest energy reserve and provides thermal insulation. It is found under the skin.

24. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education ADIPOSE TISSUE Image of adipose tissue taking using an optical microscope. This is an example of white adipose tissue. The cells that form this tissue are round in shape. Adipose tissue cell The cells have a single lipid droplet, which is so large that it occupies almost the entire cell. Lipid droplet

25. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education ADIPOSE TISSUE Image of adipose tissue taken using an optical microscope. This is an example of brown adipose tissue, which is scarce in human beings and typical in animals that hibernate. Cell nucleus The nucleus is found on one side of the cell. The cells that make up this tissue are polygonal in shape. Adipose tissue cell Lipid droplets Unlike white adipose tissue, the cells of this tissue contain many lipid droplets.

26. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOODBONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONJUNCTIVECARTILAGINOUSADIPOSE

27. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BONE TISSUE Bone tissue is a type of connective tissue that provides support to the organism and protects the vital organs.

28. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BONE TISSUE Image of bone tissue taken using an optical microscope. In the centre of the image, two structures called osteons can be seen. Osteon Central channel of the osteon The osteons are concentric layers of bone tissues surrounding a central channel. In the osteons, we can see black spots, which are the spaces containing the bone cells. Black spots

29. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOODBONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONJUNCTIVECARTILAGINOUSADIPOSE

30. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOOD TISSUE In this type of connective tissue the liquid matrix is called plasma. Suspended in the plasma are the blood cells (the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets).

31. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOOD TISSUE Photograph of a sample of human blood taken using an optical microscope. Red blood cells The majority of blood tissue is made up of red blood cells. In the image, we can also see white blood cells, which have been stained purple. White blood cells The liquid matrix, in this case the plasma, surroundins the cells. Blood plasma

32. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOOD TISSUE Previous image seen in greater magnification. When the image is enlarged, we can the cells of this tissue in more detail: - The red blood cells are disc-like in shape and do not have nuclei. Red blood cell White blood cell - The nuclei of the white blood cells are brightly coloured purple. This nucleus has a very strange shape with small lobes attached to each other. Nucleus

33. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education BLOODBONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONJUNCTIVECARTILAGINOUSADIPOSE

34. UNIDAD 3 UNIT 1 Examples of human tissues Biology and Geology 3. Secondary Education NERVE TISSUE EPITHELIAL TISSUE MUSCLE TISSUE CONNECTIVE TISSUE