1. Chapter 20 The World War I Era

2. Section I: The Road To War

3. Section I: Key Terms
Militarism Mobilization Central Powers Allies Stalemate Autocrat

4. Section I: The Road To War
Causes of WWI
Imperialism
Militarism
Nationalism
Alliances (entangling alliances)

5. Section I: The Road To War
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary
Gavrilo Princip of Bosnia
Cause of WWI?

6. Section I: The Road To War
The Start of War
Austria-Hungary had fought with Serbia over control of Bosnia
Austria-Hungary was convinced that Serbia was responsible for the Archdukes death
July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
This action officially begins WWI

7. Section I: The Road To War
Russia (Serbia Protector) Mobilized
Germany (Austria-Hungary Ally) reacts to Russia
France (Russian Ally) Mobilizes
Germany declares war on Russia / France
Germany invades Belgium (to get to France)
Great Britain (Belgium’s ally) declares war on Germany
U.S. stays neutral

8. Section I: The Road To War
Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Allies
Russia
France
Serbia
Great Britain

9. Section I: The Road To War
New Technology
Trench Warfare
Machine Guns
Hand Grenades
Artillery
Poison Gas
U-Boats

10. Section II: The U.S. Declares War

11. Section II: Key Terms U-Boat Sussex Pledge Filibuster
Zimmerman Telegraph (Note)
Russian Revolution

16. Section II: The U.S. Declares War
America was Neutral
America Supported Allies
Militarism
Utterseeboot – Uboats

18. Section II: The U.S. Declares War
Lusitania – British Passenger Liner
May 7, 1915 Torpedoes Sunk
Carried Weapons to Allies
1200 Dead (128 Americans)
Germany promised to stop sinking ships without warning
Sussex – French Passenger Liner
March 24, 1916 Torpedoes Sunk
Sussex Pledge – Germans again promised to warn before attacking
February 1, 1917 Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare

21. Section II: The U.S. Declares War
President Wilson
Congress refused
Zimmerman Note
German Secretary sent a note to Mexico
Ally with Germany
Mexico gets Texas, New Mexico, Arizona
Angered Americans

22. Section II: The U.S. Declares War
1917 – 1918 Russia Pulled Out of War
Czar Nicholas and Family Killed
Russian Revolution
March 1917
Germany Sinks Three U.S. Ships
April 6, 1917 U.S. Enters War

24. Section III: Americans on the European Front

25. Section III Key Terms Selective Service Act
American Expeditionary Force
Convoy
Armistice
Genocide

26. Section III: Americans on the European Front
April 1917 U.S. Enters WWI
U.S. Armed Forces 200,000
General “Black Jack” Pershing
14,500 Troops go to Europe
Pershing needed more men
May 1917 Selective Service Act (Draft)
3 million men were drafted

30. Section III: Americans on the European Front
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
U.S. Troops
Convoy – a group of unarmed ships surrounded by heavily armed destroyers.
June AEF arrives in France

32. Section III: Americans on the European Front
AEF Turns the Tide of the War
No trenches
No retreat
Tank Warfare pushed East toward Germany
Red Baron, Sgt York

33. Section III: Americans on the European Front
By Fall of 1918 Germany was in full retreat
Kaiser Wilhelm sought a peace settlement
Allies insisted on total surrender
November 11, 1918 Armistice (cease fire)
Treaty came later

34. Section III: Americans on the European Front
WWI 8 million dead in combat (book estimates)
AEF 50,000
British 900,000
Germany, Austria-Hungary, France, Russia
Over 1 million each
Actual numbers were much higher
Influenza epidemic million dead

35. Section IV: On The Home Front (Skip)

36. Section IV Key Terms Liberty Bond Price Controls Rationing
Daylight Savings Time
Sedition
Vigilante

37. Section IV:

38. Section IV:

39. Section IV:

40. Section V: Global Peacemaker

41. Section V Key Terms Fourteen Points Self-Determination Spoils
League of Nations
Reparations
Versailles Treaty

42. Section V: Global Peacemaker
November 11, 1918 Armistice
President Wilson’s Program for Peace
Fourteen Point Plan
End entangling alliances
Removal of trade barriers
Reduction in arms
League of Nations
others

43. Section V: Global Peacemaker
January 1919
Paris Peace Conference
Fourteen Point Plan rejected by Allies
Allies wanted to punish Germany
Allies wanted Spoils or rewards of war
Territory
Allies wanted Reparations ($33 Billion)
President warned of consequences of punishing Germany to harshly
Allies had a point (WWI fought in Europe not U.S.)

44. Section V: Global Peacemaker
May 7, 1919
The Treaty of Versailles
Reparations, Spoils, Disarmament for Germany, and League of Nations
Germany first refused to sign it
French threatened to invade Germany
June 28, 1919 Treaty signed

45. Section V: Global Peacemaker
President Wilson returned home with Treaty of Versailles
Congress must ratify any Treaty (Constitution)
Congress refused to ratify Treaty
Congress objected to League of Nations
U.S. would become world policemen
U.S. never signed Treaty of Versailles, never joined League of Nations.
U.S. signed separate Treaties with Germany, Austria, and Hungary

46. Section V: Global Peacemaker
Following WWI
World economies began to struggle…..