1. Building blocks of life!
Cells
Building blocks of life!

2. Cell Discovery Anton van Leeuwenhoek Early 1600’s
Saw tiny organisms in pond water
Robert Hooke
1665
Saw tiny chambers in cork tissue
Termed the tiny chambers “cells”

3. Cell Theory Three components: All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
New cells are produced from existing cells.

4. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
Smaller, simpler
NO nucleus
Bacteria
Meet characteristics of life
Include cytoplasm, ribosomes, & genetic material
All contain Nuclei
Most contain organelles
Unicellular or multicellular organisms
Animal, Fungi, Protist, & Plant Cells

5. Cell Organelles

6. Make a “T-Chart” in your notes
For the cell organelles, make a “T-chart” in your notes by drawing a line down the middle of your paper.
Title the RIGHT side “Cell Organelle Names”
Title the LEFT side “Functions/jobs”

7. Animal Cell Organelles
Centrioles
Microfilaments
Mitochondria
Microtubules
Lysosomes
Golgi Apparatus
(Golgi Body)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Plasma Membrane
Ribosomes
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Nuclear
Membrane
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Animal Cell Organelles

8. Plant Cell Organelles Nuclear Envelope Chloroplast Nucleolus
Nucleus
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Ribosomes
Microtubules
Golgi
Apparatus
Endoplamic
Reticulum
Chloroplast
Plant Cell

9. Cell Membrane
Protection and Boundary
- “Skin” of the cell

10. Cell Wall Stronger layer outside of cell membrane Support & Protect
Found in Plants, some Protists, Fungi & Prokaryotes
Not found in animals

11. Cytoplasm Centriole Located between cell membrane & nuclear membrane
Fills space in cell
Centriole
Helps organize microtubules during cell division.

12. Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pore -Surrounds Nucleus
-Protection, Boundary from Cytoplasm
-Control Center
-Contains DNA
-3 Components
Nucleolus
-Makes ribosomes
-”inner nucleus”
Nuclear Pore
-Hole in Nuclear Membrane
-Allows materials in and out of nucleus

13. Chromatin -Genetic material made of DNA & proteins
-coils up to be chromosomes
-in nucleus

14. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Internal membrane system
Assembles components (lipids) of the cell membrane (Smooth ER)
Modifies proteins (Rough ER)
Ribosomes
made of RNA & proteins
Assembled in nucleolus
Make proteins

15. Golgi Apparatus -Stores and moves products
made in the ER (ie. Proteins)

16. Lysosome Stores enzymes to digests fats, carbs, & proteins
Breaks down old cell parts

17. Vacuole Primarily found in Plants Sac-like structure
Stores water and products
Tiny vacuoles (called vesicles) are found in animal cells

18. Chloroplast- site of photosynthesis
Found in plants & some protists.
-Contains Chlorophyll
-Uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, & water to make food
aka. photosynthesis

19. Mitochondria Converts food molecules into energy (the “powerhouse”)
•does process of cellular respiration
Found in PLANTS & animals
Contain their own DNA (inherit from Mom).