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2. The Transit Time Clamp-on Flow Metering Technique

3. Introduction Principle of operation. Modes of operation. Installation guidelines.

4. Principle of operation The general principle of time of flight flow measurement. The phase measurement system. Modes of operation A B Flow Sensor Block Liquid Sensor Block

5. V f =Flow velocity l=Distance between transducers C f =Path length between transducer faces t=Transit-time downstream Kn=Profile correction factor  =Propagation angle Approximate relationship between fluid velocity and measured time. Does not include clamp on transducer delays. The general principle of time of flight flow measurement.

6. Typical sound path for a clamp on ultrasonic meter Steel Transducers Plastic Line represents path of sound wave Water Pipe cut through side view

7. The direct time measurement system  

8. A B Flow Sensor Block Liquid Sensor Block Pipe wall A Flow Liquid Sensor Block B Pipe wall Reflex mounting ease of setup good results over a broad range of applications Diagonal mounting extends the readable pipe diameter for given sensors better for high flows better with turbulent applications Modes of operation

9. A B Flow Sensor Block Liquid Sensor Block Pipe wall A B Flow Sensor Block Liquid Sensor Block Pipe wall Double reflex mounting ease of setup useful for smaller pipe diameters good on low flow rates Triple reflex mounting ease of setup useful for smaller pipe diameters good on low flow rates Modes of operation

10. Installation guidelines Transducer positioning. Flow profiles

11. Ultrasonic flow meter axial and radial sensor location

12. Summary Principle of operation. Modes of operation. Installation guidelines.